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Science Unit 2 Grade 9 > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemistry

A

the study of properties of matter and the changes it undergoes

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2
Q

Caustic

A

an agent that burns or destroys living tissue

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3
Q

Homogeneous

A

a mixture in which particles are uniformly scattered; solution like sugar and water

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4
Q

Heterogeneous

A

a mixture in which particles are not uniformly scattered

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5
Q

Physical change

A

change in form but not chemical composition; no new substances are formed

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6
Q

Chemical change

A

a change in which one or more new chemical substances are made

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7
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

in a chemical change, the total mass of the new substances, is always the same as the total mass of the original substances

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8
Q

law of definite composition

A

compounds are pure substances that contain 2 or more elements combined together in a fixed (ordefinite) proportions

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9
Q

Electrolysis

A

the process of decomposing a chemical compund by passing an electrical current through it

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10
Q

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

A

States that:

  • All matter is made up of small particles called atoms
  • Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into smaller particles
  • All atoms of the same element are identical in mass and size
  • Atoms of one element are different in mass and size than atoms of a different elements
  • Compounds are created when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions
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11
Q

Element

A

a pure substance made up of one type of particle, cannot be broken down into simpler substances be means of a chemical change

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12
Q

Compounds

A

pure substances that are made up of two or more elements chemically combined together; can be broken down into elements again by chemical means

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13
Q

Electrons

A

negatively charged particles

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14
Q

Atomic Nucleas

A

the center of an atom, contains that protons and neutrons

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15
Q

Proton

A

positively charged oarticle found in the nucleus

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16
Q

Neutron

A

uncharged particles in the atomic nucleus

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17
Q

Element Symbols

A

one or more letters used to represent the name of a substance

18
Q

Chemical Family

A

a group of related elements that have similar properties

19
Q

Atomic Mass

A

the average mass a on atom in an element

20
Q

Atomic Number

A

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

21
Q

Mass Number

A

the total number of protons and nuetrons in the nucleus

22
Q

Ionic Compound

A

formed when atoms transfer electrons to or from other atoms

23
Q

Molecular Compund

A

formed when atoms share elctrons

24
Q

Chemical Formula

A

a formula that shows the number and types of atoms in an molecule

25
Q

Molecule

A

small independant unit of a pure substance, generally a cluster of atoms joined together

26
Q

Diatomic Molecules

A

molecules made of two atoms of the same element

27
Q

Binary Compound

A

compounds made of two elements

28
Q

Conductivity

A

the ability of a substance to carry an electrical current

29
Q

Chemical reaction

A

a process in which a substance is changed into one or more new substances

30
Q

Reactants

A

the substances that go into a chemical reaction

31
Q

Products

A

the substances produced by a chemical reaction

32
Q

Exothermic

A

a chemical reaction in which heat energy is released into its surroundings

33
Q

Endothermic

A

a chemical reaction in which heat energy is taken from its surroundings

34
Q

Reaction Rate

A

a measure of how fast a reaction occurs

35
Q

Catalyst

A

a substance that speeds up a chemcial reaction without being used up in the reaction

36
Q

Enzyme

A

a soecial protein molecule thast regulates chemical reactions in living organisms

37
Q

Inhibators

A

substances that slow down or prevent chemical reaction

38
Q

Corrosion

A

a process whereby metals or stone are chemically degraded or broken down

39
Q

Rust

A

iron ioxide, a product of the chemical reaction of iron, oxygen, and moisture

40
Q

Galvanization

A

the process of protecting metals by coating them with a thin layer of zinc

41
Q

Combustion

A

the highly exothermic combustion of a substance with oxygen; requires heat, oxygen, and fuel

Science Unit 2 Grade 9 (9 decks)

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