Vocabulary

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the study of properties of matter and the changes it undergoes

Question 2

Caustic

Answer 2

an agent that burns or destroys living tissue

Question 3

Homogeneous

Answer 3

a mixture in which particles are uniformly scattered; solution like sugar and water

Question 4

Heterogeneous

Answer 4

a mixture in which particles are not uniformly scattered

Question 5

Physical change

Answer 5

change in form but not chemical composition; no new substances are formed

Question 6

Chemical change

Answer 6

a change in which one or more new chemical substances are made

Question 7

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 7

in a chemical change, the total mass of the new substances, is always the same as the total mass of the original substances

Question 8

law of definite composition

Answer 8

compounds are pure substances that contain 2 or more elements combined together in a fixed (ordefinite) proportions

Question 9

Electrolysis

Answer 9

the process of decomposing a chemical compund by passing an electrical current through it

Question 10

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Answer 10

States that:

• All matter is made up of small particles called atoms
• Atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into smaller particles
• All atoms of the same element are identical in mass and size
• Atoms of one element are different in mass and size than atoms of a different elements
• Compounds are created when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions

Question 11

Element

Answer 11

a pure substance made up of one type of particle, cannot be broken down into simpler substances be means of a chemical change

Question 12

Compounds

Answer 12

pure substances that are made up of two or more elements chemically combined together; can be broken down into elements again by chemical means

Question 13

Electrons

Answer 13

negatively charged particles

Question 14

Atomic Nucleas

Answer 14

the center of an atom, contains that protons and neutrons

Question 15

Proton

Answer 15

positively charged oarticle found in the nucleus

Question 16

Neutron

Answer 16

uncharged particles in the atomic nucleus

Question 17

Element Symbols

Answer 17

one or more letters used to represent the name of a substance

Question 18

Chemical Family

Answer 18

a group of related elements that have similar properties

Question 19

Atomic Mass

Answer 19

the average mass a on atom in an element

Question 20

Atomic Number

Answer 20

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 21

Mass Number

Answer 21

the total number of protons and nuetrons in the nucleus

Question 22

Ionic Compound

Answer 22

formed when atoms transfer electrons to or from other atoms

Question 23

Molecular Compund

Answer 23

formed when atoms share elctrons

Question 24

Chemical Formula

Answer 24

a formula that shows the number and types of atoms in an molecule

Question 25

Molecule

Answer 25

small independant unit of a pure substance, generally a cluster of atoms joined together

Question 26

Diatomic Molecules

Answer 26

molecules made of two atoms of the same element

Question 27

Binary Compound

Answer 27

compounds made of two elements

Question 28

Conductivity

Answer 28

the ability of a substance to carry an electrical current

Question 29

Chemical reaction

Answer 29

a process in which a substance is changed into one or more new substances

Question 30

Reactants

Answer 30

the substances that go into a chemical reaction

Question 31

Products

Answer 31

the substances produced by a chemical reaction

Question 32

Exothermic

Answer 32

a chemical reaction in which heat energy is released into its surroundings

Question 33

Endothermic

Answer 33

a chemical reaction in which heat energy is taken from its surroundings

Question 34

Reaction Rate

Answer 34

a measure of how fast a reaction occurs

Question 35

Catalyst

Answer 35

a substance that speeds up a chemcial reaction without being used up in the reaction

Question 36

Enzyme

Answer 36

a soecial protein molecule thast regulates chemical reactions in living organisms

Question 37

Inhibators

Answer 37

substances that slow down or prevent chemical reaction

Question 38

Corrosion

Answer 38

a process whereby metals or stone are chemically degraded or broken down

Question 39

Rust

Answer 39

iron ioxide, a product of the chemical reaction of iron, oxygen, and moisture

Question 40

Galvanization

Answer 40

the process of protecting metals by coating them with a thin layer of zinc

Question 41

Combustion

Answer 41

the highly exothermic combustion of a substance with oxygen; requires heat, oxygen, and fuel