Vocabs 1 Flashcards
Confront
مواجه شدن
روبرو شدن
As she left the court, she was confronted by angry crowds who tried to block her way.
It’s an issue we’ll have to confront at some point
She decided to confront the burglars
Frontier
سرحد
مرز
Nepal has frontiers with both India and China.
They lived in a town close to the frontier
the frontiers of knowledge
Maturity
رشد
بلوغ
کمال
سررسید
How long does it take for the chicks to grow to maturity?
There is no extra tax when the policy pays out on maturity.
She brings experience and maturity to the job
Hierarchy
سلسله مراتب
Possess
داشتن
برخوردار بودن
She had already sold everything of value that she possessed
Those states are the countries that possess nuclear weapons.
Portion
قسمتی
بخشی
A major portion of the company’s profit goes straight back into new projects.
A portion of my paycheck was withheld for taxes.
Stigma
لکه ننگ
There is no longer any stigma to being divorced.
Being an unmarried mother no longer carries the social stigma that it used to.
Overcome
غلبه کردن
چیره شدن
Juventus overcame Ajax in a thrilling game
Eventually she managed to overcome her shyness in class
Passion
اشتیاق
شوق
هوس
She has two passions in life – her cats and opera.
Evolving
در حال تکامل
رو به توسعه
Bacteria are evolving resistance to antibiotics
The company has evolved over the years into a multi-million dollar organization.
in essence
در اصل
در واقع
In essence, both sides agree on the issue.
Advocate
حامی
پشتیبان
مدافع حق
He advocates the return of capital punishment
At least in court, a defendant has a lawyer to advocate for him
The author denied that his new book advocated violence
He’s a strong advocate of state ownership of the railways.
Verbally
شفاهی
Prior
قبلی
پیشین
The course required no prior knowledge of Spanish.
They had to refuse the dinner invitation because of a prior engagement
the weeks prior to her death
Unbiased
بی طرف
بی غرض
unbiased advice
an unbiased opinion
Acumen
قضاوت درست و تصمیمگیری سریع
تیز هوشی
هوش تجارت
She has considerable financial acumen.
Mr. Estavez has real business acumen
Bucket list
لیست ارزوها
awe
احترام وحیرت همراه با ترس
As children, we were rather in awe of our grandfather
You can’t help but stand in awe of (= respect greatly and fear slightly) powerful people
Adherence
تبعیت
رعایت
اطاعت
He insists upon adherence to every rule, no matter how silly.
Feasibility
امکان اجرا
شدنی بودن
عملی بودن
the feasibility of bringing water four miles into the village
it’s perfectly feasible to produce electricity without certain pollution
the hypothesis seemed quite feasible
Staple
کالای اساسی
جزء اصلی هر چیزی
سوزن منگنه
Bananas an sugar are the staple of Jamaica
Hindrance
عامل باز دارنده
مانع
سبب تاخیر
سد راه
I’ve never considered my disability a hindrance, but other people have.
Confidential
محرمانه
خصوصی
سری
All information will be treated as strictly confidential.
The letter was marked “confidential”
Myriad
[ Miried ]
بیشمار
هزاران
the myriad causes of homelessness
Ascertain
معلوم کردن
معین کردن
اثبات
Have you ascertained whether she’s coming or not?
I ascertained that no one could overhear us before I told Otto the news.
The fire department has been unable to ascertain the cause of the fire
Multidimensional
چند بعدی
دارای ابعاد متعدد
Indigenous
[in`dijenes]
بومی
محلی
Vulnerable
آسیب پذیر
کتک خور
I felt very vulnerable, standing there without any clothes on.
Tourists are more vulnerable to attack, because they do not know which areas of the city to avoid.
Multidisciplinary
چند تخصصی
چند رشته ای
extent
حد
مقدار
اندازه
میزان
Impede
مانع شدن / باز داشتن/ ممانعت کردن
Although he’s shy, it certainly hasn’t impeded his career in any way.
Shortages of medicine were impeding the effort to control diseases.
Strive
به آب و آتش زدن
سر و دست شکستن
Alumni
فارغ التحصیل
Uphold
رعایت کردن
محافظت و حمایت کردن
a committee that aims to uphold educational standards
As a police officer you are expected to uphold the law whether you agree with it or not.
Foster
افزایش دادن
بیشتر شدن
Foster the spread of disease
Boundaries
حد و مرز ها
حد و حدود
Mandate
حکم / دستور / اختیار / فرمان
Obliged
سپاسگزار
مدیون
I’m much obliged to you
Obligation
تعهد
وظیفه
دین
If you have not signed a contract, you are under no obligation to pay them any money.
You have a legal obligation to inform the police about the crash.
authorized
مجاز / مصوب /قانونی
Surveillance
پایش / رصد
More banks are now installing surveillance cameras
The police have kept the nightclub under surveillance because of suspected illegal drug activity.
The parking lot is kept under video surveillance.
Breach
قانون شکنی / عهد شکستن
a breach of the rules in a club or game
He was sued for breach of contract
They breached the agreement they had made with their employer.
apprehensive
نگرانی و دلواپسی از کاری که قرار است انجام بدیم یا اتفاقی که قراره رخ بده
مثلا نگران بودن از مصاحبه شغلی
I’m very apprehensive about tomorrow’s meeting
Fatal
/feitl/
مرگبار
Enviable
حسادت انگیز
acclamation
تحسین / شادباش
Sustainability
فاقد اثر مخرب بر محیط زیست
پایدارسازی
ridiculous
مضحک / چرند / مسخره آمیز
interfere
دخالت کردن
اختلال بوجود آوردن
موجب اختلال شدن
It’s their problem and I’m not going to interfere.
I’d never interfere with a husband and wife.
Interfering in other people’s relationships is always a mistake.
Pop in
به کسی سر زدن
ملاقات کوتاه
Why don’t you pop in and see us this afternoon?
All I have to do on the way home is pop into the drugstore.
encompass
شامل شدن / در بر گرفتن
The plan encompasses repaving the street and planting 40 new trees.
cohesive
انسجام / پیوستگی
a cohesive group
incendiary
آتش زا
آشوب گر
فتنه انگیز
the explosion seems to have been caused by an incendiary device
contemplate
عمیقاَ اندیشیدن و تامل کردن
I’m contemplating going abroad for a year.
They were contemplating a move to California
Sharon is contemplating going to graduate school.
Conscious
/ آگاه / متوجه / با خبر
He’s still conscious but he’s very badly injured.
She’s out of the operating theatre, but she’s not fully conscious yet.
Can I speak to Isobel, please?” “She’s still in bed. I’ll go and see if she’s conscious (= awake) yet.
Moral
دلگرمی / روحیه بخش
Conversly
متقابلاَ / برعکس
explicit
هویدا / روشن / بارز/
خیلی صریح و واضح و آشکار
This game contains scenes of explicit violence
I gave her very explicit directions how to get here.
She was very explicit about (= said very clearly and exactly) what she thought was wrong with the plans.
incentive
توسط شخصی تشویق شدن به انجام کاری
محرک
انگیزه
something that encourages a person to do something
Bonus payments provide an incentive to work harder.
Tax incentives have been very effective in encouraging people to save and invest more of their income.
Substansial
اساسی
حیاتی
Hurdle
مانع / مشکل / سد
He fell at the last hurdle.
Getting a work permit was the first hurdle to overcome
Nurture
پرورش دادن / بزرگ کردن /
در ذهن پروراندن
This plant needs careful nurture
His job is to nurture young talent
My father nurtured a love of art in me
she wants to stay at home and nurtured her children
Facet
منظر / وجه / جنبه
There’s always one facet of my golf game that isn’t working.
Rigorous
موشکافانه / ریز بینانه
a rigorous investigation
The data was rigorously analyzed
memorandum
صورت جلسه
تفاهم نامه
Leverage
نهایت استفاده را کردن از چیزی
بهره بردن
از حداکثر ظرفیت چیزی استفاده کردن
impregnable
رسوخ ناپذیر / غیر قابل تسخیر
Despite burglar alarms and window locks, homes are never impregnable against determined thieves.
Vetting
گزینش
غربالگری
Segregate
جداسازی
تفکیک
تبعیض نژادی قائل شدن
The systems will have to be able to segregate clients’ money from the firm’s own cash.
We will be creating a special fund segregated from our other operations.
Allegation
ادعا
اتهام
The allegations of corruption were not true.
She rejected the allegation that she had treated her staff unfairly.
Diligence
پشت کار
سعی و تلاش پیوسته
She hoped that her diligence would be noticed at work.
The exhibition has been researched with extraordinary diligence
Overarching
جامع
سرتاسر
فراگیر
Discrete
مجزا
جداگانه
This area has four discrete neighborhoods centered around a school.
Distinguish
تشخیص تفاوت
بدونی فرق بین دوتا چیز چیه
Consolidate
یکپارچه / ادغام کردن / تلفیقکردن /
Precisely
دقیقا
Exactly
It would be stupid to attempt the journey in the dark.” “Precisely!” he answered.
That’s precisely the sort of behaviour that I really dislike
Reconcilation
تطبیق
مغایرت گیری
مصالحه
Lash out
توپیدن به کسی
پرخاشگری کردن
Implicit
در لفافه صحبت کردن
به صورت غیر مستقیم بیان کردن
Some reporters thought there was an implicit threat in the president’s speech.
He interpreted her comments as an implicit criticism of the government.
Fracture
شکستن
ترک خوردن
شکستگی استخوان
She fractured her skull in the accident
He has a hairline fracture (= a thin broken line in the bone) of the wrist
Two of her ribs fractured when she was thrown from her horse
Robust
نیرومندی
استحکام
استواری
He looks robust and healthy enough.
a robust economy
a robust pair of walking boots
Subvert
تخریب و سرنگون کردن
تضعیف کردن
Our best intentions are sometimes subverted by our natural tendency to selfishness
The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.
Perpetrator
مجرم
بزهکار
Bribe
رشوه
Pillar
رکن مهم
a very important member or part of a group, organization, system, etc
Mrs Maple is a pillar of the local church.
He’s a pillar of the Dallas business community.
Cut Out for
برای چیزی ساخته شدن
I’m cut out for Accounting
Scrutiny
نگاه موشکافانه
نگاه عمیق
زیر ذره بین
The government’s record will come under (close) scrutiny in the weeks before the election.
The figures are likely to come under close scrutiny.
Fulfill
محقق شدن
At the age of 45, she finally fulfilled her ambition to run a marathon.
She said the president had failed to fulfill his campaign promises.
Promulgate
به صورت رسمی اعلام کردن
Underlie
زمینه چیزی بودن
زمینه ساز بودن
More fundamental economic problems may underlie last week’s stock market slide
Psychological problems very often underlie apparently physical disorders.
Council
شورا
انجمن
Appointed
مقرر
معین
منصوب
Comprise
متشکل بودن از
گنجانده شدن
تشکیل دادن
The course comprises a class book, a practice book, and a CD.
Italian students comprise 60 percent of the class.
The ninth district is comprised of (= consists of) 15 cities and towns, including Boston.
Intricate
پیچیده
پرجزئیات
Complex
The watch mechanism is extremely intricate and very difficult to repair.
Exclaim
از روی عصبانیت فریاد زدن
Retort
حاضر جوابی با عصبانیت
با عصبانیت جواب دادن
Spine
ستون فقرات
Walk through
بررسی یا انجام کاری برای یافتن مشکل احتمالی
شخصی را با دقت طی یک فرایند راهنمایی کردن
pamper
لوس کردن / حال دادن / تحویل گرفتن
She pampers her dog with the finest steak and salmon
Why not pamper yourself after a hard day with a hot bath scented with oils?
Our children are pampered by their grandparents
beholder
ناظر، نظاره گر، تماشاگر ، بیننده
Perfection is in the eye of the beholder
compromise
توافق برد برد / مدارا کردن / سازش
Compromise is an inevitable part of marriage
To stop the argument they decided on a compromise
a compromise between the government and the opposition
put up with something/someone
/ کنار آمدن / تحمل کردن
I don’t know why she puts up with him
I can put up with a messy house, but I wouldn’t say I like it if it’s not clean.
pervasive
/pərˈveɪsɪv/
فراگیر, شایع
The influence of Freud is pervasive in her books
Why is government corruption more pervasive in some societies than in others?
a pervasive smell of diesel
Conformance
انطباق
applicable
قابل تعمیم
اجرایی
The new qualifications are applicable to all European countries
forensic
/fəˈrensɪk/
جرم شناسی
Forensic examination revealed a large quantity of poison in the dead man’s stomach.
Stability
/stəˈbɪləti/
استقامت
پایداری
economic and political stability
I’m worried about his mental stability.
extensive
گسترده / وسیع
a school with extensive grounds
Her knowledge of music is extensive
Oversee
تحت نظر داشتن. نظارت کردن
As marketing manager, her job is to oversee all the company’s advertising
Solicit
/səˈlɪs.it/
درخواست کردن پول، اطلاعات یا کمک از کسی
پیشنهاد کردن رابطه جنسی در ازای پول، معمولاً در یک مکان عمومی to solicit donations for a charity He’s soliciting funds to keep the library open
Vary
تنوع داشتن - گوناگون بودن - فرق داشتن
The value of stocks will vary from month to month.
My husband varies the vegetables he plants each year
The samples varied in quality but were generally acceptable.
affiliation
تعلق / وابستگی ( مذهبی یا سیاسی) گرایش سیاسی
political affiliations
The group has affiliations with several organizations abroad.
Accompanying
همراه، مشایعت کننده
ضمیمه
Children under twelve require an accompanying parent or guardian to see this movie.
consideration (C2)
noun (CARE)
Turn your music down and show a little consideration for the neighbours
We didn’t publish the details, out of consideration for the victim’s family.
You have no consideration for others!
necessitate
to cause something to be needed, or to make something necessary
به معنی : ایجاب میکند
مستلزم بودن
An important meeting necessitates my being in Houston on Friday
This will necessitate some new technology development for the static analysis.
Convey
بیان مفهوم
انتقال مفهوم
His poetry conveys a great sense of religious devotion.
Please convey our condolences to the family.
deviation
تخطی، انحراف، کج روی، دوری ( از مسیر، روش اصلی ) ، انحراف از معیار
We do not expect any significant deviations from the business plan.
Sneak
حرکت پنهانی
پاورچین پاورچین
یواشکی راه رفتن
I managed to sneak in through the back door while she wasn’t looking.
Jan doesn’t have a ticket but I thought we might sneak her in.
I thought I’d sneak up on him (= move close to him without him seeing) and give him a surprise.
Turn the tables
برگشتن ورق - ازین رو به اون رو شدن و تغییر جهت یک وضعیت
ورق را برگرداندن علیه کسی - اوضاع را به سود خود عوض کردن
The tables were turned in the second half, when Leeds United scored from the penalty spot
The plaintiff’s lawyer turned the tables this morning by producing some strong new evidence.
Binocular
باینا کِلِر
دوربین دوچشمی
Invade
He ordered the army to invade at dawn
حمله کردن , هجوم بردن ؛ تجاوز کردن ( به حریم شخصی )
They have invaded the camp
Priodically
در فواصل معین
Obscure
آبس کِِر
مبهم و تیره
گمنام
ناواضح، مبهم، غیرقابل درک
predetermined
از پیش تعیین شده. از پیش مشخص شده
Be sure to Keep a bit of room for some pudding
یه ذره جا واسه دسر نگه دار
There is always room for dessert
همیشه واسه دسر جا دارم
Crutches
عصای زیربغلی
Spectacles
عینک
Anaesthetic
داروی بیهوشی
Sophisticated
If a way of thinking, a system, or a machine is sophisticated, it is complicated or made with great skill
ماهر - پیچیده - خیلی پیشرفته
Sophisticated Hearing aid
Pacemakers
ضربان ساز - تپش ساز
people with heart problems wear tiny pacemakers
hips
مفصل لگن - لگن خاصره
Prosthetic
relating to an artificial body part, such as an arm, foot, or tooth, that replaces a missing part:
a prosthetic hand
at an early stage
در مراحل اولیه
Scanners which can identify health problems at an early stage
Diagnosing
to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or a problem, by examining it
تشخیص بیماری- تشخیص دادن
The electrician has diagnosed a fault in the wiring
She was diagnosed with having diabetes
His condition was diagnosed as some type of blood disorder.
Symptoms
نشانه بیماری، عارضهB2
نشانه وجود مشکل C2
He’s complaining of all the usual flu symptoms
If the symptoms get worse, consult your doctor
It’s her feeling that the recent outbreaks of violence are a symptom of the dissatisfaction that is currently affecting our society.
treat diseases
درمان بیماری
keyhole surgery
جراحی غیرتهاجمی
جراحی با برش های کوچک
