VOCAB UNIT 3 Flashcards
Nicholas Copernicus
He believed the sun was the center of the universe which the earth revolved around, he used math to prove his points which later inspired others to look over tradition to solve problems
Law of Nature
The laws of nature created by Newton tell us the language of God which later led many to see a change of perspective between the old world and the new world
Colonialism
Was the practice of political control over another county which then they would put settlers in place to later exploit it economically, which was tactical
Imperialism
This was the extending of an empire or nation to secure ruling interests which was the philosophy driving the tactic
Blaise Pascal
-Thought that faith and reason were important components of Christianity
-He stated that the heart has reason the mind does not
-Founding father of computer science, this French thinker left behind posthumously published “thoughts” (Pensées) in which he sought a middle path for Christians during the Scientific Revolution:
Epistemology
The theory of knowledge
-the laws of human reason
Glorious Revolution
-The British protestants overthrew King James II and
William and Mary replaced him but they had to accept a Bill of Rights which set in place everyone has the right to a trial, judge, and vote.
-Constitutional Monarchy
-Ungodly
French Revolution
The French forced their king to accept a constitutional monarchy which brought a reign of terror
The American Revolution
Formed their own “continental congress” and began a military revolt in 1775. One year later they formally declared independence from Britain. With the assistance of France and other European powers, the Americans forced Britain to sue for peace in 1783.
Adam Smith
-A leader of the Scottish Enlightenment
-Maximizing prosperity would be for the market to operate freely, letting laws of supply and demand set prices and wages.
-Removing government control on economic markets
George Whitefield
-Was the greatest preacher of the First Great Awakening
-Whitefield remains both an inspirational and troubling figure for contemporary evangelicals, since (like Jonathan Edwards) he both included African Americans in his revivals and held slaves himself.
First Great Awakening
“Great Awakening” gave rise to “evangelical” Protestantism, which held to Reformation doctrines like sola scriptura and sola gratia, but tended to emphasize individual experience and working across denominational lines for the sake of evangelism and social reform.
Voltaire
A leading proponent of Deism who was harshly critical of organized religion, this French writer was one of the most popular proponents of the Enlightenment.
Thomas Jefferson
Virginia planter became the chief author of the American Declaration of Independence, for which he adapted Locke’s language of natural rights and justification for revolution.
Abolition Movement
an American movement to abolish slavery grew in numbers and influence in the decades before the Civil War
Suffrage Movement
went on to advocate for women’s right to vote, both at the state level and in a national campaign to amend the U.S. Constitution.
Seneca Falls Movement
marked the rise of the women’s rights movement
Salvation Army
Founded in impoverished East London by Methodist preacher William Booth and his wife Catherine, the Salvation Army grew into an international organization
Still well known for its disaster relief, homeless shelters, and Christmas bell-ringing campaigns to raise money for the poor, the Salvation Army seeks to meet the physical and spiritual needs of those in need
Inerrancy
lack of error; infallibility
Inspiration
the process of being mentally stimulated to do or feel something
German Christians
who viewed Hitler as a messianic figure, rejected the Jewishness of Jesus, and supported Hitler’s attempt to put the church under the control of the Nazi government
Conscientious Objector
one who is opposed to serving in the armed forces and/or bearing arms on the grounds of moral or religious principles.
Adolf Hitler
Born in Austria, Adolf Hitler fought for Germany during World War I, then became the leader of a small right-wing party known as the National Socialists. Inspired by the success of Italian fascism, Hitler rose to power in 1933 by appealing to a mix of militaristic nationalism, anti-Communism, and anti-Semitism.
