Vocab module 11# Flashcards
study
Scope creep
When the scope of a software project grows larger over time, causing delays or rushed/sloppy work.
Scope
The set of expected tasks in a software project; goals, features, expectations.
Program development
is the process of creating info systems or programs and apps from the idea stages to distribution of the product/service to users
Change Management
a process of recognizing when a change in scope/other has occurred in a project and reacting to it effectively
User Experience (UX)
the focus on a users experiences and interaction to a product/service as well as the effectiveness, efficiency, and ease of use of product/service
SDLC
Software Development Life Cycle
PLAN (SDLC)
1.review and approve requests
2.Prioritize requests
3.allocate resources
4.form the team
5.prep and plan
ANALYZE (SDLC)
1.do preliminary investigation
2.detailed analysis
3.create the system proposal based on scope
DESIGN (SDLC)
- determine the technical specifications
- prototype
IMPLEMENT (SDLC)
1.development
2.install and test
3. train the users/customers
Support and secure (SDLC)
1.maintenance
2. open to public/audience
3. update
development methods
linear/agile
agile development
incorporates flexibility in the SDLC and allows for phases
linear development
uses a highly structured method of development and rarely back tracks
EX. waterfall method
Deliverable
an tangible item such as a chart, diagram, report, or program file
Gantt Chart
uses horizontal bars to show project phases or activities vertical axis represents the SDLC of the project and the horizontal represents the time in a project
PERT Chart
identify the course of action to the quickest end to a project given multiple courses of action
Review documentation
By reviewing documentation, such as organization charts, memos, and meeting minutes, systems analysts learn about the history of a project.
Observe
Observing people helps systems analysts understand exactly how they perform a task. Likewise, observing a machine allows someone to see how it works.
Survey
To obtain data and information from a large number of people, systems analysts distribute surveys.
joint-application design (JAD) session
consists of a series of lengthy, structured group meetings in which users and IT professionals work together to design or develop an application
A request for quotation (RFQ)
identifies the required product(s). With an RFQ, the vendor quotes a price for the listed product(s).
request for proposal (RFP)
the vendor selects the product(s) that meets specified requirements and then quotes the price(s).
request for information (RFI)
less formal method that uses a standard form to request information about a product or service.
value-added reseller (VAR)
purchases products from manufacturers and then resells these products to the public—offering additional services with the product.
IT consultant
professional who is hired based on technical expertise, including service and advice.
Procedural languages
C and Fortran, are the third generation of languages and are considered high-level languages.
4GLs
provide a graphical environment in which the programmer uses a combination of English-like instructions, graphics, icons, and symbols to create code.
debuggers
test code in one section, or an entire program, to determine any errors and provide suggestions to fix them.
compiler
a separate program that converts the entire source program into machine language before executing it.
interpreter
translates and executes one statement at a time. Interpreters do not produce or store object code.
integrated development environment (IDE).
An IDE is an application that provides multiple programming tools in one environment.
(SDK)
is a set of programming tools that includes a programming interface, compiler, debugger, and more.
code repository
web-based tool programmers use to archive and host source code.
object-oriented programming (OOP)
tools to implement objects in a program.
object
item that can contain both data and the procedures that read or manipulate that data. An object represents a real person, place, event, or transaction.
A class
type of object that defines the format of the object and the actions an object can perform.
method
defines the behavior of an object.
security audit
looks at common security practices and ensures that the app or system meets the recommended criteria.
Fuzz testing
uses automated tools that test a system by using unexpected input to ensure the app or system does not crash.
unit test
verifies that each individual program or object works by itself.
systems test
verifies that all programs in an application work together properly.
integration test
verifies that an application works with other applications.
acceptance test
performed by end users and checks the new system to ensure that it works with actual data
Ethical design
a set of evolving principles that developers should follow to enhance UX, to make data collection usage transparent, and to enable users to easily make choices that protect their privacy.
