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Software engineering > module 7# > Flashcards

module 7# Flashcards

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1
Q

Memory

A

consists of electronic components that store instructions

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2
Q

Storage

A

refers to long-term, permanent access to data and information.

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3
Q

A storage medium

A

is nonvolatile

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4
Q

Most memory (i.e., RAM), by contrast, holds data and instructions temporarily

A

thus it is volatile.

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5
Q

A storage medium

A

also called secondary storage, is the location where a computer keeps data, information, programs, and applications.

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6
Q

Examples of storage media

A

include digital storage (cloud), and storage hardware, such as hard disks, solid-state drives (internal or external), memory cards, USB flash drives, optical discs, and tags.

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7
Q

A storage device

A

is the hardware that records and/or retrieves items to and from storage media.

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8
Q

Writing

A

is the process of transferring data, instructions, and information from memory to a storage medium.

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9
Q

Reading

A

is the process of transferring these items from a storage medium into memory.

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10
Q

Transfer rate

A

is the speed with which data, instructions, and information transfer to and from a device.

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11
Q

Hard drives

A

can store data either magnetically or using solid-state storage.

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12
Q

Magnetic hard disk drives (HDDs)

A

have greater storage capacity and are less expensive than their solid-state equivalents.

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13
Q

A hard disk, or hard disk drive (HDD),

A

is a storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data, instructions, and information.

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14
Q

Longitudinal recording

A

aligns the magnetic particles horizontally around the surface of the disk.

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15
Q

With perpendicular recording

A

hard disks align the magnetic particles vertically or perpendicular to the disk’s surface.

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16
Q

A platter

A

is made of aluminum, glass, or ceramic and has a thin coating of alloy material that allows items to be recorded magnetically on its surface.

17
Q

Formatting

A

is the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors.

18
Q

A track

A

is one of the series of concentric circles on one of the surfaces of a magnetic hard disk platter.

19
Q

A sector

A

is an individual block of data or a segment of a track.

20
Q

A read/write head

A

is the mechanism that reads items and writes items to the drive.

21
Q

An external hard drive

A

is a separate, free-standing storage device that connects with a cable to a USB port or other port on any device.

22
Q

An SSD (solid-state drive)

A

is a flash memory storage device.

23
Q

Flash memory

A

is a type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.

24
Q

A memory card

A

is a removable flash memory storage device.

25
Q

A USB flash drive (universal serial bus)

A

is a removable storage device for folders and files that plug in a USB port on a computer, making it easy to transport folders and files to other computers.

26
Q

Cloud computing

A

allows companies to outsource, or contract to third-party providers, elements of their information technology infrastructure.

27
Q

Cryptocurrency

A

is digital currency that can be used to transfer money or payments between users or corporations.

28
Q

Payment apps

A

such as Venmo, enable you to transfer money between your credit card or bank account and another user.

29
Q

A digital wallet

A

such as ApplePay, is an app that is connected to a specific payment card or financial account.

30
Q

Enterprise hardware

A

allows large organizations to manage and store data and information using devices intended for heavy use, maximum efficiency, and maximum availability.

31
Q

Network attached storage (NAS)

A

is a server that is placed on a network with the sole purpose of providing storage to users, computers, and devices attached to the network.

32
Q

A storage area network (SAN)

A

is a high-speed network with the sole purpose of providing storage to other attached servers.

33
Q

RAM, also called main memory,

A

consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices.

34
Q

ROM (read-only memory)

A

refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.

35
Q

CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology

A

uses battery power to retain information even when the power to the computer is off.

Software engineering (9 decks)

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