module 10#

Question 1

(DBMS) database program

Answer 1

software that allows you to create, access, and manage a database.

Question 2

A primary key

Answer 2

is a field that uniquely identifies each record in a table, such as student ID.

Question 3

File Processing Systems

Answer 3

In a typical file processing system, each department or area within an organization has its own set of files. The records in one file may not relate to the records in any other file.

Question 4

Database Approach

Answer 4

When an organization uses a database approach, many programs and users share the data in the database.
The database secures its data so that only authorized users can access certain data items.
The database approach addresses many of the weaknesses associated with file processing systems.
Advantages of the database approach include the following

Question 5

database service

Answer 5

a website that acts as a portal for a database, enables government agencies, schools, and companies to share information with a wide audience.

Question 6

Government web database services

Answer 6

can provide access to information about the government as well as information created and used by government agencies.

Question 7

A field

Answer 7

is a combination of one or more related characters or bytes and is the smallest unit of data a user accesses.

Question 8

A table

Answer 8

is the highest level in the data hierarchy, as it contains fields and records

Question 9

A record

Answer 9

is a group of related fields.

Question 10

A query

Answer 10

extracts data from a database based on specified criteria, or conditions, for one or more fields.

Question 11

A data dictionary, or a repository

Answer 11

contains data about each table in the database and each field in those tables.

Question 12

Structured Query Language (SQL or sequel),

Answer 12

a popular query language that allows users to manage, update, and retrieve data.

Question 13

A query language

Answer 13

consists of simple, English-like statements that allow users to specify the data they want to display, print, store, update, or delete.

Question 14

QBE (query by example)

Answer 14

a feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data.

Question 15

A report writer

Answer 15

allows users to design a report on the screen, retrieve data into the report design, and then display or print the report.

Question 16

A one-to-many relationship (Relational Databases)

Answer 16

connects each record in one table to one or more records in another table.

Question 17

A one-to-one relationship (Relational Databases)

Answer 17

is restricted to exactly one record in the table on each side of the relationship.

Question 18

A many-to-many relationship (Relational Databases)

Answer 18

allows more than one record on the left side of the relationship to be connected to more than one record on the right side of the relationship.

Question 19

Key-value databases

Answer 19

create any number of key-value pairs for each record.

Question 20

A key-value pair

Answer 20

consists of two related items:
A constant that defines the set (the key)
A variable that belongs to the set (the value)

Question 21

relational database management system (RDBMS)

Answer 21

a software program in which data is organized as a collection of tables, and relationships between tables are formed through a common field.

Question 22

A front-end database

Answer 22

is part of a split database that contains the user interface and other objects but not the tables that are needed for an application.

Question 23

A back-end database,

Answer 23

or the back-end, is part of a split database that contains table objects and is stored on a file server that all users can access

Question 24

Specially trained database administrators (DBAs)

Answer 24

work with the back-end components to ensure a company’s business data is safe, secure, and well-managed.

Question 25

An index

Answer 25

is a database object that is created based on a field or combination of fields

Question 26

Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) triad

Answer 26

Ensuring that data is accessible when it is needed and that no one has made unauthorized changes are key aspects of database security.
A classic security model called the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) triad addresses these concerns directly.