Vocab List - 11/8/2020

Question 1

Semantics

Answer 1

The study of meaning in language

Question 2

Speaker-reference

Answer 2

what the speaker is referring to by using some linguistic expression

Question 3

Linguistic-reference

Answer 3

the systematic denotation of some linguistic expression as part of a language

Question 4

Referent

Answer 4

an entity identified by the use of a referring expression such as a noun or noun phrase

Question 5

Extension

Answer 5

the set of all potential referents for a referring expression

Question 6

Prototype

Answer 6

typical member of the extension of a referring expression is a prototype of that expression

Question 7

Stereotype

Answer 7

list of characteristics describing a prototype is said to be a stereotype

Question 8

Coreference

Answer 8

two linguistic expressions that refer to the same real-world entity are said to be coreferential

Question 9

Anaphora

Answer 9

linguistic expression that refers to another linguistic expression

Question 10

Deixis

Answer 10

an expression that has one meaning but can refer to different entities depending on the speaker and his or her spatial and temporal orientation

Question 11

Antonymy

Answer 11

two forms with opposite meanings

Question 12

Gradable

Answer 12

antonyms that can be used in comparative constructions i.e. my smile is wider than yours.

Question 13

Hyponymy

Answer 13

meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another

Question 14

Homophony

Answer 14

two or more differently written forms have the same pronunciation but different meaning

Question 15

Homography

Answer 15

two or more forms are the same only in writing but different in pronunciation and meaning

Question 16

Homonymy

Answer 16

one form (written or spoken) has two or more unrelated meanings, but have the same pronunciation and spelling

Question 17

Polysemy

Answer 17

one form (written or spoken) having multiple meanings which are all related by
extension

Question 18

Synonymy

Answer 18

two or more forms with very closely related meanings, which are often, but not always, exchangeable in sentence

Question 19

Collocation

Answer 19

words which tend to occur with other words

Question 20

Gradable

Answer 20

antonyms that can be used in comparative constructions i.e. my smile is wider than yours.

Question 21

Non-Gradable

Answer 21

antonyms that are opposites that cannot be obtained together

Question 22

Hyponymy

Answer 22

the meaning of one form is included in the meaning of another

Question 23

Contradictory Sentences

Answer 23

a sentence which is necessarily false, because of the senses of the words in the sentence

Question 24

Homophony

Answer 24

two or more differently written forms have the same pronunciation but different meaning

Question 25

Homography

Answer 25

two or more forms are the same only in writing but different in pronunciation and meaning

Question 26

Homonymy

Answer 26

one form (written or spoken) has two or more unrelated meanings, but have the same pronunciation and spelling

Question 27

Polysemy

Answer 27

``` one form (written or spoken) having multiple meanings which are all related by extension ```

Question 28

Metonymy

Answer 28

the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant

Question 29

Collocation

Answer 29

words which tend to occur with other words

Question 30

Synthetic Sentences

Answer 30

sentences that may be true or false depending upon how the world is