Vocab Chapter 3

Question 1

Federalism

Answer 1

Power-sharing arrangement between the national and state governments in which some powers are granted to the national government alone, some powers are reserved to the states, some powers are held concurrently, and other powers are prohibited to either or both levels of government

Question 2

Enumerated Powers

Answer 2

Powers specifically allocated to the national government alone by the Constitution

Question 3

Implied Powers

Answer 3

Powers necessary to carry out constitutionally enumerated functions of government

Question 4

Reserved Powers

Answer 4

Powers constitutionally allocated to the states

Question 5

Police Powers

Answer 5

Authority states utilize to protect the health and welfare of their residents

Question 6

Concurrent Powers

Answer 6

Powers shared by both state and national governments

Question 7

Prohibited Powers

Answer 7

Powers denied on one or both levels of government

Question 8

Nullification

Answer 8

Doctrine that asserted the right of states to disregard federal actions with which they disagreed

Question 9

Dual Federalism

Answer 9

Approach to federal-State relationship that envisions each level of government as distinct and authoritative within its own sphere of action

Question 10

Cooperative Federalism

Answer 10

Federal-state relationship characteristic of post-New Deal era that stressed state and federal partnership in addressing social problems

Question 11

Creative Federalism

Answer 11

Federal-State relationship that sought to involve local populations and cities directly in addressing urban problems during the 1960’s and 1970’s

Question 12

Revenue Sharing

Answer 12

A grant program begun in 1972 and ended in 1987 that funneled money directly to states and local governments on the basis of formulas that combined population figures with levels of demonstrated need

Question 13

Devolution

Answer 13

A movement of grant states greater authority over the local operation of federal programs and local use of federal funds that gained momentum in the 1980’s

Question 14

Categorical Grants

Answer 14

Federal programs that provide funds for specific programs such as flood assistance

Question 15

Block Grants

Answer 15

Federal programs that provide funds for specific programs such as flood assistance

Question 16

Federal Mandates

Answer 16

Federal requirements imposed on state and local governments, often as a condition for receiving grants

Question 17

Unfunded Mandates

Answer 17

Requirements imposed on state and local governments for which the federal government provides no funds for compliance

Question 18

Intergovernmental Lobbies

Answer 18

Professional advocacy groups representing various state and local governing bodies

Question 19

Full Faith and Credit

Answer 19

Constitutional provision requiring each state to recognize legal transactions authorized in other states

Question 20

Privileges and Immunities

Answer 20

Constitutional phrase interpreted to refer to fundamental rights, such as freedom to make a living, and access to the political and legal processes of the state

Question 21

Interstate Compacts

Answer 21

Cooperative agreements made between states, subject to congressional approval, to address mutual problems