vocab before unit 1 test Flashcards
matter
anything occupying space with mass
pure substance
only one element or compound
mixture
two or more different substances not chemically joined
STM
scanning tunnel microscope, used to form images of atoms and move them individually
electrostatic forces
attractive and repulsive forces
electrical field
area around a charged particle where electrostatic forces exist
isotope
atom of the same element with a varying number of neutrons
radioactivity
the emission of small energetic particles form the core of unstable atoms
mass spectrometry
a technique that separates particles by their mass
ionic bonds
metal + nonmetal
covalent bond
nonmetal + nonmetal
ionic compound
ionic
molecular compoound
covalent
mass spectroscopy
a technique used to identify isotopes of an element and their relative abundance in nature
molecular elements
don’t normally exist in nature as single atoms. usually polyatomic molecules
ductile
can be stretched into a wire
malleable
can be bent/hammered into place
octet rule
an atom is most secure when the outer shell has 8 valence electrons
solvent
majority component of a solution
solute
minority component of a solution
oxidation
loss of electrons
reduciton
gain of electrons
ionization energy
energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom
electronegativity
the ability of an atom to gain an electron
mole
a quantity called avogadro’s constant equal to 6.02 x 10^23
electromagnetic radiation
a type of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields, ex. light
