vocab before unit 1 test

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

anything occupying space with mass

Question 2

pure substance

Answer 2

only one element or compound

Question 3

mixture

Answer 3

two or more different substances not chemically joined

Question 4

STM

Answer 4

scanning tunnel microscope, used to form images of atoms and move them individually

Question 5

electrostatic forces

Answer 5

attractive and repulsive forces

Question 6

electrical field

Answer 6

area around a charged particle where electrostatic forces exist

Question 7

isotope

Answer 7

atom of the same element with a varying number of neutrons

Question 8

radioactivity

Answer 8

the emission of small energetic particles form the core of unstable atoms

Question 9

mass spectrometry

Answer 9

a technique that separates particles by their mass

Question 10

ionic bonds

Answer 10

metal + nonmetal

Question 11

covalent bond

Answer 11

nonmetal + nonmetal

Question 12

ionic compound

Answer 12

ionic

Question 13

molecular compoound

Answer 13

covalent

Question 14

mass spectroscopy

Answer 14

a technique used to identify isotopes of an element and their relative abundance in nature

Question 15

molecular elements

Answer 15

don’t normally exist in nature as single atoms. usually polyatomic molecules

Question 16

ductile

Answer 16

can be stretched into a wire

Question 17

malleable

Answer 17

can be bent/hammered into place

Question 18

octet rule

Answer 18

an atom is most secure when the outer shell has 8 valence electrons

Question 19

solvent

Answer 19

majority component of a solution

Question 20

solute

Answer 20

minority component of a solution

Question 21

oxidation

Answer 21

loss of electrons

Question 22

reduciton

Answer 22

gain of electrons

Question 23

ionization energy

Answer 23

energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom

Question 24

electronegativity

Answer 24

the ability of an atom to gain an electron

Question 25

mole

Answer 25

a quantity called avogadro’s constant equal to 6.02 x 10^23

Question 26

electromagnetic radiation

Answer 26

a type of energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields, ex. light