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CCNA > Vocab > Flashcards

Vocab Flashcards

Name and brief description of Acronyms and command line functions

1
Q

What does the ping function do? What is the syntax for the function?

A

“ping” will test the connectivity to a remote network/site (using IP address)
“ping” will be followed by the IP address or the domain name of the site that will be tested.

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2
Q

What does DNS stand for? What does it do? Why?

A

DNS = Domain Name Server
DNS is used to translate URLs into IP addresses. By doing so, the system is able to accurately decipher the location on the network/internet of the data requested.

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3
Q

What does the function tracert do? What is the syntax for the function?

A

tracert checks the path to the remote network/site. This is done by showing each “step” (switch/router routing) that is taken in order to reach the requested IP.
tracert will be followed by the IP address or the domain name of the site that is being checked.

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4
Q

What does IP address stand for? What is an IP address?

A

IP address = Internet Protocol address
An IP address is a numerical address assigned to every device on a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.

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5
Q

What does DHCP stand for? What is DHCP?

A

DHCP = Dynamic Host Control Protcol
DHCP is the process in which a router assigns IP addresses to connected devices from a pool of unused IP addresses as they join the network.

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6
Q

What are the Two Network Components?

A

Physical and Logical Connections

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7
Q

Describe the Physical Component of the Network.

A

The physical component is used to create a physical topology. Any kind of physical connection in a computer network. This can be seen as various types of cables being plugged into a Network Interface Card (NIC).

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8
Q

Describe the Logical component of the Network.

A

The logical component is used to determine how wireless data is sent and received to the system. (Internet Protocols)

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9
Q

What does OSI stand for? What is OSI?

A

OSI = Open Systems Interconnections model
The OSI model seeks to standardize how devices communicate with each other on a network. This is done through a multi-layered approach in communication between devices on a network.

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10
Q

What does ISO stand for?

A

ISO = International Organization for Standardization

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11
Q

Distance from the reference clock

A

stratum

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12
Q

Belongs to and carries the traffic of only one VLAN

A

Access port (no tagging)

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13
Q

Way of explicitly tagging VLAN info onto an ethernet frame

A

Inter-switch Link (ISL)

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14
Q

Standard of inserting a field into the frame to identify the VLAN

A

IEEE 802.1q

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15
Q

Number of bits in the VLAN ID in an 802.1q tag

A

12

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16
Q

A list of conditions that categorize packets to filter unwanted packets when implementing security policies

A

Access list (ACLs)

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17
Q

Access list that uses only the source IP in a packet as the condition test

A

Standard Access List

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18
Q

Access list that can evaluate source and destination IP, the protocol field in the network layer, and the port number at the transparent layer

A

Extended Access List

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19
Q

Value that indicated NTP prioity

A

stratum 1-15

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20
Q

Extended Access-List Number Ranges

A

100-199 and 2000-2699

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21
Q

Standard Access-List Number Ranges

A

1-99 and 1300-1999

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22
Q

Default Config Setting

A

0x2102

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23
Q

Setting to bypass the config in NVRAM to perform password recovery

A

0x2142

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24
Q

Allows you to store messages that are time-stamped, sequenced, and display severity levels

A

syslog

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25
Q

severity level where system is unusable

A

Emergency

severity 0

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26
Q

Severity level where immediate action is needed

A

Alert (severity 1)

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27
Q

Severity level of critical conditions

A

Critical (severity 2)

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28
Q

Severity level of error conditions

A

Error (severity 3)

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29
Q

Severity level of warning conditions

A

Warning (Severity 4)

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30
Q

Severity level of normal but a significant condition has occurred

A

Notification (severity 5)

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31
Q

Security level with a debugging message

A

Debugging (severity 7)

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32
Q

Security level of normal information message

A

Informational (severity 6)

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33
Q

Config your router interface to forward the DHCP client requests

A

DHCP relay

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34
Q

Component that brings a router up during initialization and loads the IOS

A

bootstrap

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35
Q

Component used to check the basic functionality of the router hardware and det. which interfaces are present

A

POST (Power-On Self-Test)

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36
Q

Component used for manufacturing, testing, and troubleshooting.
Runs a mini-IOS when IOS in flash fails to load

A

ROM monitior

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37
Q

Component used to bring up an interface and load a cisco IOS into flash memory

A

Mini-IOS

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38
Q

Component used to hold packet buffers, ARP cache, routing tables, and running-config

A

RAM (Random access memory)

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39
Q

Component used to start and maintain the router, contains POST and bootsrap

A

ROM (read-only memory)

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40
Q

Component that stores the cisco IOS by default

A

Flash memory

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41
Q

Component used to hold the router and switch config

A

NVRAM (non-volatile RAM)

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42
Q

Component used to control how the router boots up

A

Configuration register

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43
Q

Application that assigns IP addresses to hosts

A

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

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44
Q

List the four step process hosts use to gen an address from a server

A
  1. ) DHCP discovery
  2. ) Layer 2 unicast DHCP offer
  3. ) DHCP request
  4. ) Unicast DHCP acknowledgement
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45
Q

Minimum requirements to configure a DHCP server

A
  1. ) Network and mask for each LAN
  2. ) Reserved/Excluded addresses
  3. ) Default router
  4. ) DNS address
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46
Q

Application that resolves hostnames to IP addresses

A

DNS (Domain Name Service)

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47
Q

ICMPv6 process that prevents IPv6 from doing any fragmentation

A

path MTU discovery

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48
Q

ICMPv6 process of finding addresses of other devices on the local link

A

NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol)

49
Q

A function of NS/NA messages that asks if anyone has this same address

A

DAD (Duplicate Address Detection)

3 DADs sent out

50
Q

Complex PAcket forwarding technique that involves looking up every destination in the routing table and finding the exit interface for every packet

A

Process Switching

51
Q

First step in Stateless Auto-configuration

A

RS (Router solicitation) request is sent out from a host as a multicast ICMP message

52
Q

Second step in Stateless Auto-configuration

A

Router replies with the prefix info in a RA (Router advertisement)

53
Q

Forwarding technique that uses a cache to store the most recently used destination so that lookups are not required for every packet

A

Fast Switching

54
Q

Forwarding technique that makes multiple cache tables and is altered whenever the network topology changes

A

CEF (Cisco Express Forwarding)

55
Q

Either a single network or a collection of networks under a common administrative domain

A

AS (Autonomous system) which is an IGP (interior gateway protocol)

56
Q

Protocol used to communicate between AS

A

EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol)

Ex: BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)

57
Q

Used to rate the trustworthiness of routing information received on a router from a neighbor router

A

AD (Administrative Distance)
0 - 255
Lower num means more trust

58
Q

Class of routing protocols that finds the best path to a remote network by judging distance

A

Distance Vector

59
Q

Class of routing protocols that creates three tables: a table for directly attached neighbors, one to det. the topology of the entire netowrk, and one for a routing table

A

Link State

60
Q

Which routing protocol uses periodic keep-alives are exchanged between directly connected neighbors to establish and maintain neighbor relationships

A

Link State

61
Q

Parameters of RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

A

Complete table sent out every 30 sec
Relies on hop count
Max allowable hop count of 15

62
Q

Class of routing protocols that use both link state and distance vector

A

Advanced Distance Vector

63
Q

AD of a connected interface

A

0

64
Q

AD of a Static Route

A

1

65
Q

AD of EIGRP

A

90

66
Q

AD of OSPF

A

110

67
Q

AD of RIP

A

120

68
Q

Port Number of FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

A

TCP 20 and 21

69
Q

Port Number of SSH (Secure Shell)

A

TCP 22

70
Q

Port Number of SFTP (Secure FTP)

A

TCP 22

71
Q

Port Number of SCP (Secure Copy)

A

TCP 22

72
Q

Port Number of Telnet

A

TCP 23

73
Q

Port Number of SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

A

TCP 25

74
Q

Port Number of DNS (Domain Name System)

A

TCP/UDP 53

75
Q

Port Number of TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

A

UDP 69

76
Q

Port Number of DHCP (Dynamic Host Config Protocol)

A

UDP 67

77
Q

Port Number of Hypertext Transfer Protocol

A

TCP 80

78
Q

Port Number of POP3 (Post Office Protocol)

A

TCP 110

79
Q

Port Number of NTP (Network Time Protocol)

A

UDP 123

80
Q

Port Number of IMAP4 (Internet MEssage Access Protocol)

A

TCP 143

81
Q

Port Number of LDAP (Lightweight directory Access Protocol)

A

TCP 389

82
Q

Port Number of HTTPS (HTTP Secure)

A

TCP 443

83
Q

Port Number of rsh (Remote Shell)

A

TCP 514

84
Q

Port Number of RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)

A

TCP 3389

85
Q

Protocol number of ICMP

A

1

86
Q

Protocol number of IP in IP (tunneling)

A

4

87
Q

Protocol number of TCP

A

6

88
Q

Protocol number of UDP

A

17

89
Q

Protocol number of EiGRP

A

88

90
Q

Protocol number of OSPF

A

89

91
Q

Protocol number of IPv6

A

41

92
Q

Protocol number of GRE

A

47

93
Q

Class A Address Range

A

1.0.0.0 -126.0.0.0

94
Q

Class A Private Address Range

A

10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

95
Q

Class B Address Range

A

128.0.0.0 - 191.255.0.0

96
Q

Class B Private Address Range

A

172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255

97
Q

Class C Address Range

A

192.0.0.0 - 223.255.255.0

98
Q

Class C Private Address Range

A

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

99
Q

What is Regional Internet Registries?

A

RIR

100
Q

What is eui-64? How does it work?

A

Extended Unique Identifier
Router automatically generates a unique ID by splitting the MAC Address into two halves
“FFFE” is then placed between the two halves
The seventh bit is then inverted (0 to 1 or 1 to 0)
Put everything back together

101
Q

Well known port number range

A

0 - 1023

102
Q

Registered port number range

A

1024 - 49151

103
Q

Dynamic (Private) port number range

A

49152 - 65535

104
Q

What is an AD hoc wireless LAN?

A

An AD hoc wireless LAN connection is a wireless between two or more devices. Connection grows weaker the further away devices are.

105
Q

What is a SSID?

A

Service Set Identifier

name of wireless network

106
Q

What is a BSSID?

A

Basic Service Set Identifier

MAC address of single router or Access Point

107
Q

What is an ESSID?

A

Extended Service Set Identifier

Name given to a collection of BSSIDs making up a network (same as a SSID)

108
Q

Describe a Mesh wireless LAN?

A

There is no single AP, not everything connects to send packets

109
Q

Describe the infrastructure of an enterprise wireless LAN

A

Wireless Access Points connect to Wireless LAN Controller WLC.

110
Q

Describe what a Wireless LAN Controller is

A

Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) coordinates operations b/t APs. Allows movement of device connections to other APs.
Self-healing

111
Q

What is Self-healing

A

Boost power/frequency of other APs to account for a downed AP. Can reduce power if causing interference.

112
Q

What is a Cisco DNA (Digital Network Architecture) Center?

A

An appliance that provides a graphical interference and a programming interface to Design your network, implement Policies, implement Provisions, Assurance, and Platform development
management for enterprise

113
Q

Describe Cisco DNA Center Design

A

Implement site floor plans, device locations, etc.

114
Q

Describe Cisco DNA Center Policy

A

IP ACL, QoS, Bandwidth allowance

115
Q

Describe Cisco DNA Center Provision

A

By plugging in new devices, device can acquire IP address through DHCP. Once IP is given DNA gives boot config to newly connected devices. (Auto-boot config)

116
Q

Describe Cisco DNA Center Assurance

A

Troubleshooting, feedback on how to resolve issues, can trace paths through network. Network Time Travel (trace data stoppage at any point from the past)

117
Q

Describe Cisco DNA Center Platform

A

Development, APIs, use scripts to develop

118
Q

What is an ACI?

A

Application Centric Infrastructure, management for data center

CCNA (17 decks)

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