Vocab

Question 1

Archaebacteria

Answer 1

“ancient” bacteria; tend to exist in extreme environments where nothing else can live

Question 2

Thermophiles

Answer 2

extreme heat

Question 3

Cryophiles

Answer 3

extreme cold

Question 4

Methanogens

Answer 4

anerobic decomposers that produce methane

Question 5

coccus/cocci

Answer 5

round/spherical

Question 6

bacillus/bacilli

Answer 6

rod, cylindrical, rectangular, hot dog shaped

Question 7

spirochetes

Answer 7

spiral

Question 8

diplo

Answer 8

two, pairs

Question 9

staphylo

Answer 9

groups/clusters

Question 10

strepto

Answer 10

chains

Question 11

Binary fission

Answer 11

copies of DNA move to opposite ends and cell splits; simpler than eukaryotic mitosis; produces clone cells

Question 12

Transformation

Answer 12

taking in DNA from the environment

Question 13

Conjugation

Answer 13

trading plasmids via pili

Question 14

Endospores

Answer 14

“resting” cell form in which DNA is surrounded by a thick protective coat that can last through heat, cold, drought, lack of food, and many poisons for long periods of time

Question 15

Photoautotrophs

Answer 15

plants

Question 16

Chemoheterotrophs

Answer 16

animals and fungi

Question 17

Pathogens

Answer 17

micro organisms that cause disease

Question 18

Vector

Answer 18

an organism that transmits a pathogen

Question 19

Lytic Cycle

Answer 19

creates new viruses

Question 20

Lysogenic Cycle

Answer 20

incorporates DNA into cell

Question 21

Viruses

Answer 21

short piece of DNA/RNA surrounded by a protein coat and an outer membrane

Question 22

Retroviruses

Answer 22

contain RNA, not DNA, reverse transcribes