Vocab Flashcards
Any plane which divides the body into left and right portions?
Midline Plane?
Uneven Plane?
Sagittal
Midsagittal
Parasagittal.
Plane which divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?
Frontal Plane.
Plane which divides the body into upper (Superior) and lower (Inferior) portions?
Transverse Plane.
To be above another structure?
Superior.
To be below another structure?
Inferior.
To be in front of another structure?
Anterior.
To be behind another structure?
Posterior.
Towards the midline?
Medial.
Away from the midline?
Lateral.
Closer to the body?
Proximal.
Further from the body?
Distal.
To be between two structures?
Intermediate.
Think of the three finger Phalanx Bones, you have 3 in each finger: proximal, intermediate, & distal
To be futher from the body’s surface than another?
Deep.
To be closer to the body’s surface than another?
Superficial.
Towards the head?
Cranial/ Cephalad.
Towards the tail?
Caudal.
Head?
Cephalic.
Neck?
Cervical.
Gills?
Branchial.
Trunk?
Thoracic.
Chest?
Pectoral.
Armpit?
Axillary.
Upper Arm? (Shoulder-Elbow.)
Brachial.
Arm (Elbow-Wrist.)
Forearm.
Wrist?
Carpal.
Stomach Region?
Abdominal.
Lower Back?
Lumbar.
Buttocks?
Sacral.
Hip and pubic area?
Pelvic.
From Hip to Knee?
Thigh.
Back of the Knee?
Popliteal.
From Knee to Ankle?
Leg.
Ankle?
Tarsal.
Catus?
Domestic House Cat
Squalus?
Spiny Dog Fish.
Species could be Sukleyi or Acanthias.
Earliest Living Gnathostomata- Jawed Vertebrates
Chondrichthyes & is considered a shark.
Necturus.
Common Mud Puppy.
Neotenic- Permanent Larval State.
Amphibian
Has Ossification.
Necturus.
(Common Mud Puppy.)
Squalus.
(Spiny Dog Fish/ Shark.)
Foramen?
Plural Form?
Hole.
Foramina- Multiple Foramen.
Fissure?
Along Narrow Opening.
Meatus
Canal Like Opening
Fossa
Depression
Fovia
Pit
Sulcus
Groove
Tubercle
A rounded elevation.
Tuberosity
A roughened elevation.
Line.
A shallow linear elevation.
Crest
A linear elevation.
Process
An extension.
Condyle
A flared extension.
Long Bones only.
Condyloid
A Condyle Like Extension on a non-long bone.
Epicondyle
An elevation Situated on a condyle
Coronoid
A wave-like extension
Malleolus
A flattened Projection.
Ramus
A bridge like structure.
Ala
Wing Shaped surface
Articulating Surface
A smooth flattened area of bone for another bone to attach to.
Facet
Equivalent of articulating surface.
A smooth flattened area of bone for another bone to attach to.
Demifacet
Cornu
Horn-like extension.
Apophysis
A raised portion/ extension (Process) of bone for tendon attachment.
Diapophysis
Transverse Apophysis.
(A raised portion/ extension (Process) of bone for tendon attachment.)
Biccipital
Two Headed.
Taxonomy from largest to smallest (7)?
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
D.ear K.ing P.hillip C.ame O.ver F.or G.ood S.oup.
What is a Superclass?
A Taxon which Includes multiple Classes.
What is a Subclass?
A Taxon which further Divides a Class.
Gives birth to live young developed within the parent organism:
Viviparous
Produces young by laying eggs that then hatch outside the parent.
Oviparous.
Fusiform?
Tapered at both ends.
“Torpedo Shaped.”
Heterocercal?
Assymetrical.
Pelagic?
Open Water.
Benthic?
Bottom of body of water.
What is a Spiny Dorsal Fin?
Means the fin has spine involvement.
Spiracles?
Small opening/ pore which draws water into the gill chambers.
Lateral Line System?
Sensory system found in many aquatic vertebrates.
Senses Vibration, pressure, and movements in the surrounding water. May also include other sensory features such as electroception.
Ampullae of Lorenzini?
Electroreceptive organ found in Chondrichthyes.
Usually found on the head & snout, may also be near mouth and jawlines.
* Detects weak electrical fields from the earth, muscles, heart beat, Nerve Impulses, etc..
* Navigation using Earth’s Electromagnetic fields.
* Avoid Predators/ Hunt Prey.
Highly Conductive Gel within canals magnifies electric potential detection by shifting in response & affecting the Electroreceptive/ Hair cells within the ampullae.
* Composed of Hair/ Electroreceptive Cells with cilia or stereo cilia which extend into a gel filled canal whic opens as a small pore.
Considered part of the lateral line sensory system.
What is an operculum?
Bony plate wich covers and protects Gills.
Estivation?
Prolonged Torpor/ Dormancy due to dry/ airid and hot periods.
Usually used by animals that have a need for moisture living in areas where these climates occur. They will form a sort of “Mucus Cocoon” to survive.
EX: Lungfish, Earthworms, various amphibians, and Reptiles.
Amniotic Egg?
Water proof with protective Shell.
Autonomy?
Ability to lose thier tail as a defense mechanism.
Pneumatic Bones?
Hollow Bones Filled with Air & Connected to Repiratory System.
Altrical Vs Precocial young?
Altrical: Young Born Underdeveloped and require extensive parental investment.
EX: Marsupials, Cats, Dogs, Owls, Pandas, Humans, etc.
Prococial: Young born more mature and mobile, can feed themselves soon after birth/ hatching.
EX: Horses, Giraffes, Ducks, Elephants, Most reptiles & Fish with lower parental investment.
Raphe?
A Seam like union between Two parts of an organ or tissue.
Lept/o?
Thin/ Slight.
Leptospirosis Caused by Leptospira Bacterium: a Thin G(-) Spirochete.
Pia?
Tender.
Latin: Tender. /EX: Dura Pia: Tender Mother.
Dura?
Tough.
Latin: Tough. /EX: Dura Mater: Tough Mother.
