Vitreous Flashcards
What is the largest cavity of the eye?
the vitreous cavity
What proportion of the total volume of the eye is the vitreous cavity?
two thirds
What is the weight of the vitreous cavity?
3.9g
What is contained in the vitreous cavity?
vitreous humour or vitreous
What are the anterior and posterior boundaries of the vitreous cavity?
- anterior: lens, posterior lens zonules and ciliary body
- posterior: retinal cup
What is the vitreous?
transparent viscoelastic gel that i smore than 98% water with a refractive index of 1.33
What is the refractive index of the vitreous?
1.33
How does the viscosity of the vitreous compare to that of water?
it is 2-4x more viscous than water
What are the 6 main constituents of the vitreous?
- water
- hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid)
- collagens type II, VI, XI
- fibronectin
- fibrillin
- opticin
What are the 3 types of collagen within the vitreous?
- II
- VI
- XI
Which constituent of the vitreous is its gel structure dependent upon?
the collagenous constituents (not hyaluronan)
How are the collagen fibres arranged with the hyaluronan molecules in the vitreous gel?
the fine diameter type II collagen fibres (8-12 nm in diameter) entrap large coiled hyaluronan molecules
What is the overall shape of the vitreous?
shaped like a sphere with an anterior depression, the hyaloid fossa (also known as the patellar or lenticular fossa)
What are the two portions that the vitreous is traditionally regarded as consisting of?
- cortical zone
- central vitreous
How do the cortical zones and central vitreous differ microscopically?
cortical zone characterised by more densely arranged collagen fibrils
central vitreous is more liquid
How can the vitreous be further subdivided into major topographical zones, beyong the cortical zone and central vitreous?
3 zones:
- intermediate zone
- preretinal zone
- retrolental zone
What structures attach the cortical vitreous to points around its margin?
condensation of fine collagen fibrils
What are the 4 key points at which the cortical vitreous is attached to points around its margin?
- the peripheral retina and pars plana via the vitreous base, a 3-4mm wide band
- the posterior lens capsule (ligamentum hyaloide capsulare)
- the retina along the margins of the optic disc (base of the hyaloid canal)
- the inner limiting membrane of the retina, especially near retinal vessels