Ciliary body Flashcards
How large is the ciliary body?
approximately 5-6mm wide
What is the broad shape of the ciliary body?
5-6mm wide ring of tissue that extends from the scleral spur anteriorly to the ora serrata posteriorly
What is the width of the ciliary body temporally vs nasally?
- temporally: 5.6-6.3mm
- nasally: 4.6-5.2mm
What are the 2 zones into which the ciliary body is divided?
- Anteriorly: pars plicata (corona ciliaris)
- Posteriorly: pars plana
see image: pars plicata = PPL, pars plana = PP
What approximate shape is the ciliary body in cross section?
triangular
Where are the base and apex of the triangle formed by the ciliary body in cross section?
base: faces anterior chmaber, apex: blends posteriorly with the vascular choroid
How wide is the pars plicata anterior layer of the ciliary body?
2mm
What structures form the pars plicata anterior layer of the ciliary body?
70 radially arranged folds known as ciliary processes
What are the dimensions of the ciliary processes that form the pars plicata layer of the ciliary body?
0.5-0.8 mm in length, 0.5mm wide
Why are the tips of the ciliary processes forming the pars plicata layer of the ciliary body paler?
due to decreased epithelial pigmentation
How are different sizes of ciliary processes in the pars plicata arranged?
minor ciliary processes may be present in the valleys between the major processes
What is the size of the pars plana?
approximately 4mm wide zone
What are the boundaries of the pars plana?
extends from the posterior limits of the ciliary processes to the ora serrata, the sharp serrated or dentate junction where non-pigmented ciliary epithelium undergoes a sharp transition to become the neural retina
What is the ora serrata?
the sharp serrated or dentate junction where non-pigmented ciliary epithelium undergoes a sharp transition to become the neural retina
What are 3 histological sections that the ciliary body can be divided into?
- ciliary epithelium
- ciliary body stroma
- ciliary muscle
What are the 3 principal functions of the ciliary body?
- accommodation
- aqueous humour production
- production of lens zonules, vitreal glycosaminoglycans and vitreal collagen
Where within the ciliary body is the ciliary muscle?
occupies the anterior two-thirds of the ciliary body
What function does the ciliary muscle work with the lens zonules (suspensory ligament) and the elastic lens fibres and capsule to perform?
alter the refractive power of the lens
What are the 3 things which work in conjunction to alter the refractive power of the lens?
- ciliary muscle of ciliary body
- lens zonules (suspensory ligament)
- natural elastic nature of the lens fibres and capsule
What is the histological structure of the ciliary muscle portion of the ciliary body?
ciliary muscle in meridional sections consists of three groups of smoooth muscle fibre bundles embedded in a vascular connective tissue stroma
What are 3 types of cells present int he vascular connective tissue stroma surrounding the smooth muscle fibre bundles in the ciliary muscle?
- melanocytes
- fibroblasts
- occasional immune cells such as mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes
What are the 3 groups of muscle fibres forming the ciliary muscle of the ciliary body named?
- outer, longitudinal muscle fibres
- middle oblique or radial muscle fibres
- inner, circular muscle fibres
What are the anterior attachments of the outer longitudinal muscle fibres of the ciliary muscles?
scleral spur and therefore indirectly the corneoscleral trabeculae
What are the posterior attachments of the outer longitudinal muscle fibres of the ciliary muscles?
inner aspect of the sclera
What are the inner circular muscle fibres of the ciliary muscle also known as?
Müller’s muscles (one of the 3 so-called muscles associated with the eye and adnexa)