Viticulture & Vinification Flashcards
What happens to acid levels in a grape during verasion?
Acidity decreases, as the grapes soften and change color.
__________ occurs in tandem with verasion, accumulating carbohydrates to sustain the plant through the winter.
Cane Ripening, when the stems on each shoot begin to lignify.
How are degree days calculated in the California Heat Summation Index?
By multiplying the days in each month of the growing season by the mean number of degrees over 50 degrees for that month.
What is the minimum amount of sunshine required to support viticulture?
approx, 1300 hours.
What does ‘albarelo’ refer to in Italy?
The Gobelet System
What is the preferred training style for Pint Noir in Champagne?
The Cordon de Royat
What is the name of the training system that has cordons extending outward from the trunk in a flat U shape, creating a divided canopy?
The Geneva System, or its close variant, the Lyre System.
What is the Tendone system?
Known as Pergola in Italy, it is when the vines are trained upward and overhead along wooden frames or trees, enabling workers to pass underneath.
Which major winegrowing country was the only one that escaped phylloxera?
Chile
What is the Bordeaux Mixture and what disease is it used to prevent?
A spray of copper sulfate, water and lime. Developed to prevent outbreaks of downy mildew.
What is another name for the Fungal Disease Esca?
Black Measles
What is Eutypa Dieback?
A Fungal Disease where infected vines experience stunted shoot growth as the fungus releases toxins, and the infected cane eventually dies. Also known as Dead Arm Disease.
Which Fungal Disease was spread to Europe with the importation of phylloxera-resistant rootstocks in the late 1800s?
Black Rot.
Botrytis bunch rot requires warm weather ad humidity of at least ______% to germinate.
90%
What type of disease is Crown Gall?
Bacterial
