Viticulture & Vinification Flashcards
What are the “growing” seasons for the Northern Hemisphere?
April - October
What are the “growing” seasons for the Southern Hemisphere?
October - April
Name some regions with a Maritime Climate.
Bordeaux
Loire
Rias Baixas
Willamette Valley
Name some regions with a Mediterranean Climate.
Rhône Valley Sicily Southern Italy California Chile Southeastern Australia
What are the major factors that define a continental climate?
Away from large bodies of water with Hot Summers and Cold Winters
True or False: Pinot Noir is the most highly mutating grape with over 40 classified clinal selections.
True
What is phylloxera?
A grape louse that attacked the root systems and kills the vine.
What is “Free Run Juice”?
Juice that flows from freshly picked grapes during the destemming and crushing process, prior to pressing.
What are the two major types of Wine Presses used in production?
Bladder Press and Basket Press
Name some cool climate grape varieties.
Chardonnay
Riesling
Pinot Noir
Name some moderate climate grape varieties.
Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Sangiovese Syrah Nebbiolo Tempranillo
Name some warm climate grapes.
Grenache Syrah Mourvèdre Touriga National Muscat
True or False: Clay soils do not hold water very well.
False
What is the traditional method of selecting the best vines before harvest and marking them for cutting in the winter.
Sélection Massale
Which genus/species do over 5000 varieties i.e. Chardonnay, Cabernet, and their clones belong to?
V. Vinifera
What are some of the attributes of American Oak?
Aggressively oaky
More vanilla & coconut
What are some attributes of French oak?
Subtle vanilla
Baking spices
Twice the price of American oak
What is the principle component that is extracted from an oak barrel that gives red wines the ability to age longer?
Tannin
What old world wine is frequently aged in American oak barrels?
Rioja
What is true regarding the use of oak adjuncts such as oak chips or oak powder?
They are primarily used in less expensive wines
Oak aging imparts which sensory qualities to a white wine?
Vanilla aroma
___ is the conversion of tart malic acids to softer lactic acids.
Malolactic Fermentation
How does the climate effect acidity in wine?
Cooler climates = higher acid
Warmer climates = lower acid
What are the four influences of terroir?
Climate
Soil
Terrain
Tradition
