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Nutrition Yr2 > Vitamins + Minerals > Flashcards

Vitamins + Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 2 ways in which Vitamins are categorized

A
  1. Water-soluble
  2. Fat-soluble
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2
Q

Name the 2 types of Water-soluble Vitamins

A
  1. Vitamin B
  2. Vitamin C
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3
Q

Name the 4 types of Fat-soluble Vitamins

A
  1. Vitamin A
  2. Vitamin D
  3. Vitamin E
  4. Vitamin K
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4
Q

What’s the difference between Water-soluble + Fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Water-soluble vitamins are found in food + supplements + are dissolved in water.

Fat-soluble vitamins are found in high-fat foods and similar to oil + do not dissolve in water.

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5
Q

What is the name given to Vitamin A?

A

Retinol

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6
Q

How many vitamin B’s are in the Vitamin B Complex?

A

8

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7
Q

Name all 8 vitamins in the Vitamin B complex

A
  1. B1
  2. B2
  3. B3
  4. B5
  5. B6
  6. B7
  7. B9
  8. B12
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8
Q

What is the name given to B1?

A

Thiamine

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9
Q

What is the name given to B2?

A

Riboflavin

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10
Q

What is the name given to B3?

A

Niacin

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11
Q

What is the name given to B5?

A

Pantothenic acid

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12
Q

What is the name given to B6?

A

Pyridoxine

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13
Q

What is the name given to B7?

A

Biotin

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14
Q

What is the name given to B9?

A

Folic acid

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15
Q

What is the name given to B12?

A

Cobalamin

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16
Q

What is the name given to Vitamin C?

A

Ascorbic acid

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17
Q

What are the 4 main functions of the Vitamin B complex?

A
  1. Plays a role in many (biochemical) enzyme reactions in the metabolism
  2. Helps maintain nervous system
  3. Maintain blood cell production in bone marrow
  4. Important in normal cardiovascular functions
18
Q

What is the specific function of Vitamins B1, B2 + B3?

A

Play a huge role in digestion!

19
Q

Name the 8 sources of Vitamin B

A
  1. Fish
  2. Most muscle meat
  3. Organ meat
  4. Eggs
  5. Legumes
  6. Pulses
  7. Nuts
  8. Seeds
20
Q

What is another way in which B2 is produced in Dogs + Cats?

A

Bacteria in the intestine of Dogs + Cats

21
Q

What are the 4 Vitamin B’s which can (rarely) cause:
* Nausea
* V+
* Nerve damage
If fed in excess?

A
  1. B1(Thiamine)
  2. B3 (Niacin)
  3. B5 (Pantothenic acid)
  4. B6 (Pyridoxine)
22
Q

What can an excess of Vitamins B2, B7, B9 + B12 cause?

A

Trick question!

Did you fall for it?

No problems can occur! As excess is filtered out through the Glomeruli of the kidney + excreted in urination!

23
Q

What Vitamins can cause the following deficiencies?
* Dermatitis
* Skin lesions
* Slow wound healing
* Anaemia
* Lethargy, fatigue
* V+ + nausea
* Mouth ulceration
* Poor coat condition
* GI upset
* Loss of appeitie

A

The Vitamin B complex!

24
Q

What are the 5 functions of vitamin C?

A
  1. Hold cells together through collagen synthesis
  2. Aids in bone + tooth formation
  3. Wound healing
  4. Strengthens blood vessel walls
  5. Functioning of immune system
25
Q

What can an excess of Ascorbic acid cause?

A

Nothing - as it is water soluble!

26
Q

Name 2 main sources of Ascorbic acid

A
  1. All fruit (especially Citrus)
  2. All veg (especially Potatoes, Green leafy veg)
27
Q

What Vitamin causes the following - if - there is a deficency?
* Struggle to stand (due to bone + joint pain)
* Susceptability to infection
* Delayed wound healing
* Anorexia
* Muscle/joint pain
* Haemorrhaging
* Scurvy..

A

Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)!

28
Q

Name the Fat-soluble Vitamins

A
  1. A
  2. D
  3. E
  4. K
29
Q

Name the 4 functions of Retinol

A
  1. Essential for night vision - used within the eye to adapt to changes in light
  2. Regulation of the immune system
  3. Appetite
  4. Maintainance of skin + coat
30
Q

Name 4 sources of Vitamin A?

A
  1. Dark leafy greens
  2. Carrots
  3. Fish liver oil
  4. Liver
31
Q

What vitamin deficiencies leads to these issues?

  • Poor skin + coat condition
  • Night blindness
  • Bone + Teeth abnormalities
  • Weakened immunity
A

Vitamin A

32
Q

Name the 4 consequences of Hypervitaminosis A

A
  1. Abnormal bone formation
  2. Bone fusion (Particularly of the spine)
  3. Skin changes
  4. Joint problems
33
Q

What is the name given to the state of excess Vitamin A?

A

Hypervitaminosis A

34
Q

What species is Hypervitaminosis A commonly seen with + Why?

A
  • Normally seen in Cats
  • Because some clients/owners may feed exccessive amounts of liver in their diet
35
Q

True or False.

Cats can synthesis Vitamin A.

A

False.

They are unable to so must recieve dietary supplementation.

36
Q

What vitamin can Cats not naturally synthesise?

A

Vitamin A/Retinol

37
Q

What is the dietary precursor for Vitamin A?

A

Carotene

38
Q

Where is pre-formed Vitamin A naturally found?

A
  • Meats!
  • Because most animals naturally synthesis Vitamin A from the precursor Carotene
39
Q

Apart from the requirement of Taurine, making Cats Obligate Carnivores, name the other dietary requirement that confirms this?

A

The need for Vitamin A, which they cannot synthesize!

40
Q
A

Nutrition Yr2 (13 decks)

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