Vitamins & Deficiencies Flashcards
- Thiamine
- Metabolism of Carbs & AA’s
- Decarboxylation of a-ketoacids
- Deficiency Causes?
- Associated with?
Vitamin B1
- Beriberi–Peripheral nerve damage
- Wernicke-Korasakoff synd.–CNS damage
-Assoc.: Alcoholism & Malnutrition
- Riboflavin
- Component of FAD and FMN
- Antioxidant
- Synthesized by intestinal bacteria
-Deficiency Causes?
Vitamin B2
- Cheilosis*
- Dermatitis
- Photosensitivity
- Glossitis
- Niacin
- Component of NAD & NADP
- Formed From what AA?
-Deficiency Causes?
Vitamin B3
-Tryptopham
-Pellagra (3 D’s)
Dementia, Dermatitis, Diarrhea
- Pyridoxine
- Precursor of ___ a co-enzyme in transamination reactions
- Formed from?
- Deficiency Causes?
- Deficiency Assoc. with?
Vitamin B6
- Pyridoxal phosphate
- Pyridine
- Fatigue, Depression, Mood swings, impaired growth, convulsions
- Associated with Oral Contraceptive use
- Cobalamin
- Formation of ____, which converts ____ –> succinyl CoA
- _____ required for GI absorption
- Deficiency Causes?
- Synthesized by?
- Excreted via?
Vitamin B12
- Methionine
- Converts methylmalonyl CoA–>Succinyl CoA
- Intrinsic Factor required for GI absorption
-Pernicious anemia
Megaloblastic anemia+demyelinating
Caused by Dec. IF
-Glossitis
-Malabsorption assoc. with Chron’s disease
- Excreted in feces
- Also contains cobalt
- Pantothenic Acid
- Component of ____
- Fatty Acid Synthesis
Deficiency Causes?
Vitamin B5
-Dermatitis, Fatigue, Sleep impairment, Convulsions
- B9
- Synthesis of ____ and _____ (required for DNA formation)
- Most common vitamin deficiency in US
- Inhibited by antimetabolites (methotrexate)
- Essentail for Neural Tube Formation
- Deficiency Causes?
- Synthesized by?
- Stored in?
Folic Acid
- Megaloblastic Anemia*
- Glossitis
- Synth. by Intestinal Bacteria
- Stored in Liver
- B7 “AKA Vitamin H”
- Protein and AA synthesis
- Converts ____ –>Malonyl CoA in FA synthesis
- Deficiency Causes?
- Inactivated by?
- Synthesized in?
Biotin
-Acetyl-CoA–>Malonyl CoA in FA synthesis
- Fatigue, Depression, Muscle Pain, Hair Loss, Dermatitis
- Inactivated by Avidin*–protein in egg whites
- Synthesized by Intestinal bacteria
- Ascorbic Acid
- Coenzyme for Hydroxylation of ____ and ____ in collagen synthesis
- Antioxidant
- Deficiency Causes?
- Associated with?
Vitamin C
-Hydroxylation of Proline* & Lysine* in collagen synthesis
- Scurvy–delayed wound healing, poor bone matrix formation, Increased permeability of oral mucosa, capillary fragility
- Associated with Gingival diseases and dentin irregularities
Vitamins synthesized by Intestinal Bacteria
- K
- B2
- B12
- Biotin
- Folic Acid
Excess fat soluble vitamins accumulate where
Body Fat
Excess water-soluble soluble vitamins are
Eliminated in urine
A deficiency in Ca2+ results in ___ and ___.
Osteopenia & Osteoporosis
Most lacking minerals in diet
Calcium and Iron
Which ion helps with Cartilage and Tendon formation
Sulfur
