Vitamins and Minerals

Question 1

heterotrophic nutrition and heterotrophs

Answer 1

the mode of nutrition that organisms obtain food (chemical energy) from other organisms

organisms that carry out heterotrophic nutrition e.g. humans

Question 2

primary food substances

Answer 2

carbohydrates

lipids

proteins

water

Question 3

protective food substances

Answer 3

vitamins

minerals

dietary fibre

Question 4

vitamin A

Answer 4

food source

fish-liver oil, carrots, green vegetables, milk

form visual pigment in rods of retina for night vision

keep the cornea of eyes healthy

night blindness

thickening of the cornea

easy infection of the lining of the breathing system

Question 5

vitamin B

Answer 5

cereals, beans, fish, milk

help respiration

poor respiration

beri-beri (may result in heart failure)

anaemia

Question 6

vitamin C

Answer 6

green vegetables, citrus fruits

form connective tissue

help to heal wounds

scurvy (gums become weak and bleed, fail to heal wounds)

Question 7

vitamin D

Answer 7

fish-liver oil, cheese, milk and egg yolk

skin can produce vitamin D under sunlight

control calcium and phosphorus absorption in small intestine

rickets
osteoporosis

Question 8

calcium

Answer 8

milk, fish and cheese

form bones and teeth

for blood clotting

rickets

Question 9

iron

Answer 9

meat, liver, green vegetable, eggs

anaemia

Question 10

dietary fibre

Answer 10

green vegetables, fruits, cereals

constipation