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Biochem > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Which vitamins are fat soluble

A

Vitamins A, D, E, and K

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2
Q

Which vitamins are water soluble

A

Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, and C

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3
Q

What is B1

A

Thiamine

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4
Q

What is B2

A

Riboflavin

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5
Q

What is B3

A

Niacin

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6
Q

What is B5

A

Pantothenic acid

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7
Q

What is B6

A

Pyridoxine

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8
Q

What is B7

A

Biotin

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9
Q

What is B9

A

folate

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10
Q

What is B12

A

Cobalamin

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11
Q

Functions of vitamin C

A

Keeps iron in reduced state to increase intestinal absorption + hydroxylation of proline and lysine

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12
Q

What does vitamin C deficiency cause

A

Scurvy - Bruising + hemorrhage, swollen gums, poor wound healing, anemia, iron and folate deficiency

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13
Q

What does vitamin A deficiency cause

A

Night blindness, acne, psoriasis

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14
Q

What does vitamin D deficiency cause

A

Rickets (bending bones in kids) and osteomalacia (soft bones) in adults

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15
Q

What is vitamin E deficiency caused by

A

Fat malabsorption (rare)

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16
Q

What does vitamin K deficiency cause

A

Impaired clotting, easy bruising/bleeding

17
Q

When can vitamin deficiency K occur

A

Prolonged use of antibiotic + hepatic malfunction (liver failure)

18
Q

Which vitamin is a precursor of FAD and FMN

A

B2

19
Q

Which vitamins are commonly found in dehydrogenase enzyems

A

B2 and B3

20
Q

Which vitamin makes of NAD+ and NADP+

A

B3

21
Q

What does a vitamin B3 deficiency cause

A

Pellagra disease - Dementia, diarrhea, and dermatitis

22
Q

Which vitamin is a component of coenzyme A

A

Acyl carrier B5

23
Q

Where is B5 found

A

fatty acid synthase, acyl transferase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

24
Q

What does B6 deficiency cause

A

Neurological disturbances, depression, peripheral neuropathy (PNS damage)

25
Q

What is a major source of B7

A

Intestinal bacteria

26
Q

What are symptoms of B7 deficiency

A

Dermatitis, glossitis (tongue inflammation), appetite loss, and nausea

27
Q

Which vitamin is essential for DNA and RNA synthesis

A

B9

28
Q

Which vitamin can be used to treat anemia

A

Folate

29
Q

What is caused by B9 deficiency

A

Megoblastic anemia

29
Q

Which vitamin is involved in amino acid metabolism

A

B9

30
Q

Which vitamin transfers methyl groups

A

B12

31
Q

What are the main causes of decreased B12 absorption

A

Gastric bypass, less intrinsic factor produced, ileum resected (connection bw small and large intestine), crohn’s disease, coeliac disease, enteritis

32
Q

What is enteritis

A

Bacterial overgrowth of terminal ileum competes for B12 absorption

33
Q

What does B12 deficiency cause

A

Pernicious anemia

34
Q

Precursor of Vitamin D

A

Cholecalciferol

35
Q

Active form of Vitamin D

A

Calcitriol

Biochem (5 decks)

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