Amino Acids Flashcards
Alanine abbrv.
A, Ala
Arginine abbrv.
R, Arg
Asparagine abbrv.
N, Asn
Aspartic Acid abbrv.
D, Asp
Cysteine abbrv.
C, Cys
Glutamine abbrv.
Q, Gln
Glutamic Acid abbrv.
E, Glu
Glycine abbrv.
G, Gly
Histidine abbrv.
H, His
Isoleucine abbrv.
I, Ile
Leucine abbrv.
L, Leu
Lysine abbrv.
K, Lys
Methionine abbrv.
M, Met
Phenylalanine abbrv.
F, Phe
Proline abbrv.
P, Pro
Serine abbrv.
S, Ser
Threonine abbrv.
T, Thr
Tryptophan abbrv.
W, Trp
Tyrosine abbrv.
Y, Tyr
Valine abbrv.
V, Val
What is the difference bw aromatic and aliphatic
Aromatic contains benzene rings and aliphatic doesn’t
What does a benzene ring look like
Closed ring of 6 carbons alternating double and single bonds
Which amino acids are alpha helix breakers
Proline (P), and glycine (G)
Acidic + negatively charged amino acids
Aspartate (D), Glutamate (E)
Basic + positively charged amino acids
Histidine (H), Arginine (R), Lysine (K)
Which amino acids absorb UV light
Tryptophan (W), Tyrosine (Y), Phenylalanine (F)
Which amino acids contain sulphur
Methionine and Cysteine
Which amino acid is the only one that can form disulfide bridges
Cysteine
What is the only flexible achiral amino acid
Glycine
What does achiral mean
The mirror image is the same as the regular
Which amino acids have OH- groups/phosphorylatable
Serine (S). Threonine (T), Tyrosine (Y)
What does having an OH group/alcohol allow for
It allows the amino acids to be phosphorylated by protein kinases
Why is Proline an alpha helix breaker
It has a secondary amine group and no amide proton which means it can’t form hydrogen bonds
Aromatic amino acids
Tryptophan (W), Phenylalanine (F), Tyrosine (Y)
Nonpolar, hydrophobic, and aliphatic amino acids
Valine, Isoleucine, Proline, Glycine, Leucine, Alanine, Methionine
Polar uncharged amino acids
Serine, Threonine, Tyrosine, Asparagine, Cysteine, Glutamine
What is Tryptophan a precursor for
Serotonin biosynthesis
What is Tyrosine a precursor for
Dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine biosynthesis
Which amino acids are ketogenic
Leucine and lysine
What does ketogenic mean
Converted to ketone bodies
Which amino acid acts as a physiological buffer and why
Histidine due to pK
