Vitamins

Question 1

The word vitamin was derived from the word “——-“ which
was coined by ——– in 1912 to describe life essential
(“vital”) accessory food factors which he thought contained
——–

Answer 1

Vitamine
Casimir Funk
amines (“amine”).

Question 2

It is now known that only a few of the substances contain

Answer 2

Amino-Nitrogen

Question 3

The term vitamin remained today in reference to the essential
factors in feeds which are neither classified as

Answer 3

carbohydrates,
fats, proteins, nor minerals.

Question 4

The names of the vitamins (e.g. -,-,-,-,–,–,–, and —)
today were those used to identify such compounds upon
elucidation of their chemistry and mode of actions.

Answer 4

(e.g. A, D, E, K, B1, B2, B6, and B12)

Question 5

There are still a number of compounds present in —– that are
biologically essential yet of unknown structure and specific
functions.

Answer 5

Feeds

Question 6

are organic compounds

Answer 6

Vitamins

Question 7

Vitamins are a component of ——- —- but is distinct from other nutrients
in requirements, structure, utilization or metabolism, and
functions

Answer 7

Natural food

Question 8

Present in most foods and required in —— amounts

Answer 8

Minute

Question 9

Essential for normal, metabolism in animals and consequently
required for —— —- and ——— functions such as
growth, development, maintenance and reproduction

Answer 9

Normal health
physiological

Question 10

Causes a specific ——- or ——- if absent from the diet
or improperly absorbed or utilized

Answer 10

disease or syndrome

Question 11

Unable to be synthesized by the animal in ——- —– to
meet physiological demands and therefore must be obtained
from the —-.

Answer 11

Sufficient amounts

Diet

Question 12

Vitamins are Classified based on ——– in fat solvents or water:

a. – A, D, E and K
b. – B complex and C

Answer 12

Solubility

Fat-soluble vitamins (FSV)
Water-soluble vitamins (WSV)

Question 13

Chemical Composition of FSV

Answer 13

C, H, and O

Question 14

Chemical Composition of WSV

Answer 14

C, H, O, N, S, Co,

Question 15

Precursor of FSV

Can come as ——-

Answer 15

Provitamin

Question 16

Precursor of WSV

Answer 16

No precursor

Question 17

Storage of FSV

Stored in the (1), (2), (3), and (4)

Answer 17

Liver, muscle, kidney, brain adipose tissue

Question 18

Storage of WSV

No storage (except vit. —
and —– which are stored
in substantial amount in
the liver)

Answer 18

B12 and Biotin

Question 19

Excretion of FSV

Answer 19

Via the Feces

Question 20

Excretion of WSV

Answer 20

Via the Urine

Question 21

Function of FSV

Involved as the
Vit A –
vit D -
vit E –
vit K –

Answer 21

Structural function of the body:

eye and skin
Bones
tissue lipids
blood
clotting

Question 22

Function of WSV

Involved in —– ——–, in
metabolism as co——-
and co——

Answer 22

energy
transformation
Coenzymes and Cofactors

Question 23

Absorption of FSV is associated with

Answer 23

Fats

Question 24

Absorption of WSV

Answer 24

Is not associated with fats; simple process

Question 25

Toxicity of FSV

Answer 25

Excessive doses or intakes generally result to toxicity hypervitaminosis

Question 26

Toxicity of WSV

Answer 26

Toxicity is rare

Question 27

Factors affecting availability, activity, utilization and nutritional value of vitamins

Answer 27

Natural Forms
Presence of Antivitamins
Preparation and Processing
Physiological

Question 28

• not all vitamins in feeds are in their
  absorbable/utilizable forms by the body (e.g. —— in cereals is
  organic-bound which may not be absorbed immediately in the ————– and ———- requires a factor
  (——— —— produced in the stomach) for its proper
  absorption)

Answer 28

Natural forms
niacin
gastrointestinal tract (GIT);
vitamin B12
intrinsic factors

Question 29

• compounds that do not
  function as vitamins though they are chemically related, and
  they compete with or destroy the biologically active vitamin

Answer 29

Presence of antivitamin

Question 30

present in raw fishes can destroy thiamine

Answer 30

Thiaminases

Question 31

• ——- ——- are
  common causes of their alterations, inactivation and destruction, from collection/harvesting, drying purification, transportation, storage, or administration to the animals.

Answer 31

Preparation and Processing
Commercial activities

Question 32

Some vitamins can be synthesized in the —
by microorganisms (e.g. - ——, — -)

Answer 32

gut
B complex and Vit. K

Question 33

Some animals such
as rabbit practice ———- to take advantage of the nutrients
available in feces.

Answer 33

coprophagy