Vitamin E

Question 1

types of V-E

Answer 1

• 4 tocopherols- saturated side chains

- 4 tocotrienols- unsaturated side chains

Question 2

V-E food sources

Answer 2

• plant (oils)
• leaves and other greens
• soybeans
• animals
• fatty animal tissue

Question 3

V-E digestion

Answer 3

• requires esterases, bile salts
• 20-50% absorption
• stored in adipose tissue-liver, muscle, lung, heart, adrenal gland, brain

Question 4

V-E functions

Answer 4

• antioxidant- protects cell membrane from oxidation of UFA, prevents LDL oxidation
• maintains nervous/immune system
• protects PUFA (surrounds cell to protect membrane)

Question 5

V-E disease

Answer 5

• type II diabetes- imporves metabolic control
• cataracts- formed by protein oxidation in lens of eye
• iron deficiency- production against iron-induced cell damage
• heart disease- increases intake of V-E may reduce HD, oxidation of LDL and > 7mg/d of V-E

Question 6

V-E RDA

Answer 6

15 mg/d

UL=1000 mg/d

Question 7

V-E deficiency

Answer 7

symptoms:

• hemolytic anemia
• muscle weakness
• degenerative neurological problems
• uncommon except with certain disorders:
• -fat malabsorption-cystic fibrosis
• -cholestasis- decrease production of bile

Question 8

V-E toxicity

Answer 8

• 100x RDA= chronically no harm

- hemophiliac should avoid supplements

Question 9

V-E nutrition assessment

Answer 9

• erythrocyte malondialaldehyde test- adding H2O2 to RBC
• RBC hemplysis test- most conveint/cost effective –adding H2O2 or H2O
• • > 20% = deficiency
• serum levels- not accurate