Vitamin E

Question 1

Vitamin E is also known as a

Answer 1

-tocopherols and tocotrienols

Question 2

What form of Vitamin E meets Human requirements?

Answer 2

-alpha-tocopherol

Question 3

What does it mean when Vitamin E comes from a natural source

Answer 3

-is the single isomer (d-alpha-tocopherol)

Question 4

What does it mean when Vitamin E comes from synthetic source

Answer 4

-Synthetic is a mixture of eight isomers

Question 5

What source is more bioavailable, natural or synthetic?

Answer 5

-Natural source has twice the bioavailability of synthetic

Question 6

What is the important role of Tocopherol transfer protein(TPP)

Answer 6

-located in liver, plays an integral role in whole-body Vitamin E status; TPP has the highest affinity for alpha-tocopherol; TPP for intracell trafficking of vitamin

Question 7

What are factors that affect bioavailability of Vitamin E?

Answer 7

-genetics(alpha TPP), lifestyle(smoking, obesity), gender, age, intake, absorption and transport, metabolism(interaction with drugs)

Question 8

How was the EAR set for Vitamin E?

Answer 8

-The amount of 2R-alpha-tocopherol intake to reverse peroxide induced erythrocyte hemolysis

Question 9

1 IU of alpha-tocopherol is equivalent to

Answer 9

-0.67 mg of the natural from OR
-0.45mg of the synthetic form

Question 10

What are the main functions of Vitamin E?

Answer 10

-boosts antioxidant defense, protects cell membranes, enhances immune function

Question 11

What are good sources of Vitamin E?

Answer 11

-Sunflower Oil(1 tablespoon); Almonds (1 oz.); Avocado (1 med. sized)

Question 12

Vitamin E absorption efficiency is

Answer 12

-low; less than 50%

Question 13

What other vitamins can Vitamin E interact with?

Answer 13

-Vitamin K; A negative result is that high levels of Vitamin E can cause bleeding

Question 14

What are Vitamin E key roles and Functions?

Answer 14

-its an antioxidant
-protects tissue from lipid peroxidation

Question 15

Vitamin E protects … from lipid peroxidation

Answer 15

-long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAS)

Question 16

What are the functional signs of Vitamin E deficiency

Answer 16

-increased red cell hemolysis
-increased lipid peroxidation
-increased expired ethane or pentane

Question 17

Clinical signs of Vitamin E deficiency

Answer 17

-neurological testing: abnormal sensory nerve function
-histopathology of peripheral nerves
-electrophysiological measurements

Question 18

What shows up in gene testing for Vitamin E deficiency

Answer 18

-polymorphisms in alpha-tocopherol transfer protein (TTP)

Question 19

What causes a Vitamin E deficiency

Answer 19

-Genetic abnormalities, fat malabsorption syndromes, short bowel syndromes, Chronic steatorrhea, total parenteral nutrition

Question 20

What is AVED?

Answer 20

-Ataxia with Vitamin E deficiency
-ataxia= loss of full control of body
-characterized by ataxia and peripheral neuropathy
-mutation of gene that regulates production of alpha-TPP
-need to inherit both copies of mutated genes to show symptoms