Intro To Vitamins

Question 1

Provitamins are compounds that ….

Answer 1

-can be converted into the bioactive form of the vitamin in your body

Question 2

What are the following characteristics of vitamins?

Answer 2

-functions are highly specific and needed in small quantities
-food forms usually require some metabolic transformation to functional/bioactive form
-vary chemically and functionally
-do not have structural function and are not catabolized for energy

Question 3

What is the common name of Vitamin A and give a food source

Answer 3

-Retinol; cod liver oil

Question 4

What is the common name of Vitamin B1 and give a food source

Answer 4

-Thiamine; Rice Bran

Question 5

What is the common name of Vitamin C and give a food source

Answer 5

-Ascorbic acid; citrus

Question 6

What is the common name of Vitamin D and give food source

Answer 6

-Calciferol; cod liver oil

Question 7

What is the common name of Vitamin B2 and give food source

Answer 7

-Riboflavin; meat, dairy products,eggs

Question 8

What is the common name of Vitamin E and give food source

Answer 8

-Tocopherol; Wheat germ oil, unrefined vegetable oils

Question 9

What is the common name of vitamin K and give food source

Answer 9

-Phylloquinone, Leaf vegetables

Question 10

What is the common name of Vitamin B5 and give food source

Answer 10

-Pantothenic acid; meat, whole grains

Question 11

What is the common name of Vitamin B7 and give food source

Answer 11

-Biotin; meat, dairy products, eggs

Question 12

What is the common name of vitamin B6 and give food source

Answer 12

-Pyridoxine; meat, dairy products, eggs

Question 13

What is the common name of vitamin B3 and give food source

Answer 13

-Niacin; meat, grains

Question 14

What is the common name of vitamin B9 and give food source

Answer 14

-Folic acid; leaf vegetables

Question 15

What is the common name of vitamin B12 and give food source

Answer 15

-Cobalamins; meat, organs(liver), eggs

Question 16

What are the 13 currently recognized vitamins

Answer 16

-A, D, E,K, C, thiamine, riboflavin, Niacin, pantothenic acid, B6, B12, folate, biotin

Question 17

Vitamins are classified by their

Answer 17

-biological and chemical activity

Question 18

Define vitamin status

Answer 18

-refers to the degree of balance between supply (this includes intake and body stores) and biological need
-goal: stable, satisfactory or positive status

Question 19

Define primary vitamin deficiency

Answer 19

-an organism does not get enough of the vitamin from its food
-varied deit will unlikely cause a severe primary deficiency

Question 20

Define secondary deficiency

Answer 20

-underlying disorder that prevents or limits the absorption or use of the vitamin
-lifestyle factors: smoking; excessive alcohol consumption; use of medications that interefer with the absorption or use of the vitamin
-genetics/SNPs

Question 21

What are the high risk groups of vitamin deficiencies

Answer 21

-growth and development phases (ex. Pregnant women, infants and children)
-elderly (reduced appetite, impaired absorption, polypharmacy)

Question 22

Describe the stages of vitamin deficiency

Answer 22

-interruption in source, reduction in body storage (reserves vary), impairments in biochemical functioning, alteration in function/morphology
-result: clinical manifestations; clinical manifestations target every organ