Vitamin Deficiencies Flashcards
night blindness
dry skin
Vitamin A
beriberi (polyneuritis, dilated cardiomyopathy, high-output CHF, edema)
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Vitamin B1 (thiamine)
angular stomatitis
cheilosis
corneal vascularization
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia)
vitamin B3 (niacin)
dermatitis
enteritis
alopecia
adrenal insufficiency
Vitamin B5 (pantothenate)
Convulsions
hyperirritability
required during administration of INH
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
macrocytic megaloblastic anemia
neurologic symptoms (ex: optic neuropathy, subacute combined degeneration, paresthesias)
glossitis
Vit B12 (cobalamin)
scurvy (ex: swollen gums, bruising, anemia, poor wound healing)
Vit C
rickets in children (bending bones)
osteomalacia in adults (soft bones)
hypocalcemic tetany
Vit D
increased fragility of RBCs
vit E
neonatal hemorrhage
increased PT and increased aPTT
normal BT
Vit K
dermatitis
enteritis
can be caused by ingestion of raw eggs or antibiotic use
biotin
the most common vitamin deficiency in the United States
sprue
macrocytic megaloblastic anemia without neurologic symptoms
folic acid
weakness muscle cramps exacerbation of hypocalcemia tetany CNS hyper irritability leading to tremors coreoathetoid movement
magnesium
keshan disease (cardiomyopathy)
selenium