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capstone review > Vitals & Definitions > Flashcards

Vitals & Definitions Flashcards

Taylor's Clinical Nursing Skills Chapter 1

1
Q

afebrile

A

A condition in which the body temperature is not elevated

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2
Q

apnea

A

Absence of breathing

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3
Q

bell (of stethoscope)

A

The hollowed, upright, curved portion used to auscultate low-pitched sounds (such as murmurs)

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4
Q

blood pressure (BP)

A

The force of blood against the arterial walls

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5
Q

bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate

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6
Q

bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow rate of breathing

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7
Q

diaphragm (of stethoscope)

A

The large, flat disk on the stethoscope used to auscultate high-pitched sounds, such as respiratory sounds

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8
Q

diastolic pressure

A

The least amount of pressure exerted on arterial walls, which occurs when the heart is at rest between ventricular contractions

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9
Q

dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing

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10
Q

dysrhythmia

A

An abnormal cardiac rhythm; synonym is arrhythmia

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11
Q

arrhythmia

A

An abnormal cardiac rhythm; synonym is dysrhythmia

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12
Q

eupnea

A

Normal respirations

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13
Q

expiration

A

The act of breathing out; synonym is exhalation

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14
Q

exhalation

A

The act of breathing out; synonym is expiration

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15
Q

febrile

A

A condition in which the body temperature is elevated

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16
Q

hyperpyrexia

A

High fever, above 105.8ºF (41ºC)

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17
Q

hypertension

A

Blood pressure elevated above the upper limit of normal

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18
Q

hypotension

A

Blood pressure below the lower limit of normal

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19
Q

hypothermia

A

Body temperature below the lower limit of normal

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20
Q

inspiration

A

The act of breathing in; synonym is inhalation

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21
Q

inhalation

A

The act of breathing in; synonym is inspiration

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22
Q

Korotkoff sounds

A

The series of sounds that correspond to changes in blood flow through an artery as pressure is released

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23
Q

orthopnea

A

Type of dyspnea in which breathing is easier when the patient sits or stands

24
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

Temporary fall in blood pressure associated with assuming an upright position; synonym for postural hypotension

25
Q

postural hypotension

A

Temporary fall in blood pressure associated with assuming an upright position; synonym for orthostatic hypotension

26
Q

pulse pressure

A

Difference between systolic and diastolic pressures

27
Q

pyrexia

A

Elevation above the upper limit of normal body temperature; synonym for fever

28
Q

respiration

A

Act of breathing and using oxygen in body cells

29
Q

systolic pressure

A

Highest point of pressure on arterial walls when the ventricles contract

30
Q

tachycardia

A

Rapid heart rate

31
Q

tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid rate of breathing

32
Q

vital signs

A

Body temperature, pulse, respiration rates, and blood pressure; synonym for cardinal signs

33
Q

rectal temperature (in comparison to oral)

A

Usually 1ºF higher than oral temp

34
Q

axillary temperature (in comparison to oral)

A

Usually 1ºF lower than oral temp

35
Q

tympanic temperature (in comparison to oral)

A

Usually 1ºF lower than oral temp

36
Q

pulse rate

A

The number of times per minute the pulse is felt or heard; beats per min (bpm)

37
Q

rhythm (pulse)

A

The regularity at which each impulse is felt (regular or irregular)

38
Q

strength (pulse)

A

The strength of the impulse from beat to beat; graded on a scale

39
Q

pulse strength scale, 0-3+

A

0 = absent, unable to palpate 1+ = weak, thready 2+ = normal, expected 3+ = full, bounding

40
Q

pulse reference range (adult)

A

60 to 100 bpm (at rest)

41
Q

pulse deficit

A

An apical pulse rate faster than the radial pulse rate. (With dysrhythmias, the heart may contract ineffectively, resulting in a beat heard at the apical site with no pulsation felt at the radial pulse site

42
Q

respiration rate

A

The number of full breaths taken in one minute; reference rage for adults is 12 to 20 rpm

43
Q

respiration depth

A

The amount of chest wall expansion that occurs with each breath; either deep, shallow, or normal

44
Q

respiration rhythm

A

The observation of breathing intervals; regular or irregular (A regular rhythm with an occasional sigh is expected in adults.)

45
Q

blood pressure (normal)

A

<80

46
Q

blood pressure (prehypertension)

A

120-139 / 80-89 (either/or)

47
Q

blood pressure (stage 1 hypertension)

A

140-159 / 90-99 (either/or)

48
Q

blood pressure (stage 2 hypertension)

A

≥160 / ≥100 (either/or)

49
Q

Newborn - Vitals

A

T = 98.2ºF (axillary) P = 80-180 bpm R = 30-60 rpm BP = 73/55

50
Q

Infant/Toddler (1-3yrs) - Vitals

A

T = 99.9ºF (rectal) P = 80-140 bpm R = 20-40 rpm BP = 90/55

51
Q

Child (6-8yrs) - Vitals

A

T = 98.6ºF (oral) P = 75 - 120 bpm R = 15 - 25 rpm BP = 95/75

52
Q

Child (10yrs) - Vitals

A

T = 98.6ºF (oral) P = 75 - 110 bpm R = 15 - 25 rpm BP = 102/62

53
Q

Teens - Vitals

A

T = 98.6ºF (oral) P = 60 - 100 bpm R = 15 - 20 rpm BP = 102/80

54
Q

Adult - Vitals

A

T = 98.6ºF (oral) P = 60 - 100 bpm R = 12 - 20 rpm BP = 120/80

55
Q

Older Adult (>70yrs) - Vitals

A

T = 98.6ºF (oral) P = 60 - 100 bpm R = 15 - 20 rpm BP = 120/80

56
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Of or relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment.

57
Q

Idiopathic

A

Of unknown cause.

Any disease that is of uncertain or unknown origin may be termed idiopathic

capstone review (14 decks)

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