Vital signs Flashcards
1
Q
The basic essentials are?
A
- There are certain essential prerequisites for a person to stay alive and function optimally
- Oxygen: O2 saturation > 95%, PaO2 >70 mmHg
- Water ~ 60% body wt. Urine Output 0.5 ml/kg/hr or > 30 ml/hr
- Energy (glucose/blood sugar 3.5 – 5.5 mmol/L)
- A core body temperature: 37 C
- pH between 7.35 – 7.45
- Electrolyte Balance (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, HCO3)
2
Q
Vital Signs Indicate the Extent to which what?
A
- Oxygen is reaching the cells
- Water/Hydration/Fluid Balance are operating optimally
- Glucose is available for metabolism to provide energy
- Core Body Temperature is in the range for optimal function - pH and Electrolytes are normal
3
Q
What is the normal respiratory rate?
A
12-20 breaths/min
4
Q
What factors affect pulse?
hint:10
A
- age,
- fever,
- exercise,
- fear.
- anger,
- anxiety,
- excitement,
- heat,
- position,
- and pain.
5
Q
Normal adult pulse rate is what?
A
60-100 beats/min
6
Q
Normal average blood pressure is what?
A
120/80 mmHg
7
Q
What are the factors that affect blood pressure?
hint: 11
A
- age
- gender
- blood volume
- stress
- pain
- exercise
- weight
- race
- diet
- medications
- position
8
Q
How do you assess a person’s level of consciousness?
A
- Level of consciousness: AVPU (alert, voice, pain, unresponsive) n the Glasgow Coma scale (GCS 3-15)
- orientation: TPPE- time, place, person, event
- pupils: PERRL- equal, round, reactive to light
9
Q
What are common causes of altered mental status?
A
low oxygen and/or low blood sugar, and drugs
10
Q
whats tachypnea?
A
respiratory rate over 20
11
Q
whats bradypnea?
A
respiratory rate below 12
12
Q
whats dyspnea?
A
shortness of breath
13
Q
whats apnea?
A
no breathing
14
Q
whats hyperventilation?
A
fast and deep respirations
15
Q
whats hypoventilation?
A
short and shallow respirations
