vital pediatric concepts in various settings

Question 1

stressors of illness in children

Answer 1

seperation from parents/peers
loss of control
painful/invasive procedures
developmental age
past experiences
coping mechanisms
available support
type of illness

Question 2

communicating with a child

Answer 2

childs eye level
quiet and gentle approach
always be truthful
give child choices
include play
simple questions
avoid metaphors

Question 3

nonpharmalogic pain interventions

Answer 3

swaddling
kangaroo holding
drawing - draw area and how it feels
distraction, play or movies
imagery
relaxation
aromatherapy (essential oils)

Question 4

pharmalogic pain interventions

Answer 4

topical anesthetic cream
oral
IM, IV
patient controlled analgesia
conscious sedation
epidural

Question 5

pharmacokinetics in children

Answer 5

metabolize meds more rapidly
adverse drug reactions are exaggerated due to immature liver function
dosage calculated by weight mg/kg

Question 6

EMLA purpose

Answer 6

topical pain management
reduces procedure pain
placed on intact skin for 1 hr before procedure

Question 7

when to use conscious or unconscious sedation

Answer 7

conscious- relaxation, can still respond to commands
unconscious - completely asleep, surgery

Question 8

FLACC pain scale

Answer 8

2months -7yrs
face
legs
activity
cry
consolability

Question 9

FACES pain scale

Answer 9

child points to face based on pain
0 no hurt
5 or 10 hurts

Question 10

medication administration to children

Answer 10

give a chaser flavored drink
administer with a syringe/dropper for younger children
med cup for older children
be honest if med tastes bad
flavor added to liquid meds

Question 11

assessment techniques with children

Answer 11

allow parent in room
pt can sit on parents lap
least invasive first
use distractors
allow child to inspect equipment
praise child after

Question 12

what is developmental surveillance?

Answer 12

process that helps identify children who may be at risk for developmental delays