Visual System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the preferred sensory modality in humans?

A

Vision

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2
Q

What are the 2 components of the visual system?

A

Sensory and motor

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3
Q

What are the individual parts of the visual sensory system?

A

Sensation, central pathway, and perception

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4
Q

What is the visual motor system responsible for?

A

Positioning the receptors to capture and maintain the desired visual target

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5
Q

Perception can change even when…

A

the image on your retina is constant

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6
Q

Perception is not a replica of the retinal image, its…

A

an interpretation of visual information arriving at V1

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7
Q

What does the anterior chamber of the eye contain?

A

The aqueous humor, iris, lens, and ciliary muscles

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8
Q

What does the posterior chamber of the eye contain?

A

The vitreous humor, retina, optic disk, optic nerve, choroid, and sclera

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9
Q

What does the retina contain?

A

Macula lutea, fovea centralis, nasal hemiretina, and temporal hemiretina

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10
Q

What type of cells are first order neurons of the visual system?

A

Bipolar cells

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11
Q

What type of cells are second order neurons of the visual system?

A

Ganglion cells

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12
Q

Characteristics of rods

A

Motion detectors, low resolution, detect black/white, 120 million

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13
Q

Characteristics of cones

A

Color detectors, rgb, 6 million

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14
Q

When are rods most useful?

A

At night, thus very sensitive to light

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15
Q

Where are rods most concentrated?

A

Toward the periphery

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16
Q

Where are cones most concentrated?

A

Towards the center

17
Q

Characteristics of temporal hemiretina

A

Image remains uncrossed in central vesiual pathway

18
Q

Characteristics of nasal hemiretina

A

Image crosses at the optic chiasm

19
Q

What does a lesion posterior to the optic chiasm lead to?

A

Hemianopia

20
Q

What does a lesion anterior to the optic chiasm lead to?

A

Monocular blindness

21
Q

What are the 3rd order neurons of the visual system?

A

Optic radiations

22
Q

What are the components of the visual motor system?

A

Motor control centers of the brain, 3 cranial nerves, and 6 extra-ocular muscles

23
Q

What are the motor control centers of the brain?

A

The cortical and brain stem centers

24
Q

What are the cortical eye centers of the brain?

A

Frontal eye fields and occipitoparietal eye fields

25
Q

What are the brainstem eye centers of the brain?

A

The superior colliculus