Visual Perception Flashcards
Gestalt psychology
Wilhelm Wundt
- structuralism.
- Followers of structuralism thought that the best way to understand the mind was to break thoughts down into their most basic components and then create laws regarding how they are connected.
Best known Gestalt psychologists
Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Köhler.
Wilhelm Wundt
Phi phenomenon
Max Wertheimer noted that rapid sequences of perceptual events, such as rows of flashing lights, create the illusion of motion even when there is none. e.g movies
Pragnanz
Gestalt law.
This is the central law that states that ‘every stimulus pattern is seen in such a way that the resulting structure is as simple as possible’.
Similarity
Gestalt law.
Items that are similar tend to be grouped together
Proximity
Gestalt law.
Things that are near each other seem to be grouped together.
Continuity
Gestalt law.
Points that are connected by straight or curving lines are seen in a way that follows the smoothest path
Closure
Gestalt law.
Things are grouped together if they seem to complete a picture. When presented with a picture we tend to fill in the gaps to turn something into a meaningful image.
The Gestalt laws of perceptual organisation
Pragnaz, similarity, proximity, continuity and closure
Figure–ground organization
- Gestalt psychology
- identifying a figure from the background.
Object constancy
Out of sight, out of mind
- people with BPD lack this
Perceptual set
Perceptual set, also called perceptual expectancy, is a predisposition to perceive things in a certain way.
Optical illusions
-where light from the object to the eye
is bent by reflection (mirrors) or by refraction (the bent-stick-in water effect, and mirages).
Sensory illusion
The sense organs, the eyes, ears, touch and heatsensitive nerve endings can all be upset, when they will transmit misleading information to the brain.
They are upset by prolonged stimulation and by over-stimulation.
Perceptual illusion
-arise from misinterpretation by the brain of sensory information
