Visual Pathways

Question 1

apperceptive agnosia

Answer 1

perceptual deficit (distinction between shapes is difficult)

Question 2

associative agnosia

Answer 2

can describe but can’t assign any meaning to objects (able to recognize simple shapes and copy complex shapes but are unable to recognize what an object is)

Question 3

object agnosia

Answer 3

lesions on left side (can still recognize an object using non-visual cues)

Question 4

prosopagnosia

Answer 4

inability to recognize faces

Question 5

alexia without agraphia

Answer 5

can write but can’t read

Question 6

acrhomatopsia

Answer 6

inability to recognize color (damage to fusiform gyrus)

Question 7

balint syndrone

Answer 7

loss of voluntary eye movement (parieto-occipital junction)

Question 8

asimultagnosia

Answer 8

inability to understand visual objects

Question 9

scotoma

Answer 9

a circumscribed region of visual loss

Question 10

homonymous defect

Answer 10

a visual field defect in the SAME region of both eyes

Question 11

refractive error

Answer 11

indistinct vision improved by corrective lenses

Question 12

photopsias

Answer 12

bright, unformed flashes, streaks, or balls of light

Question 13

phosphenes

Answer 13

photopsias produced by retinal shear or optic nerve disease

Question 14

entopic phenomena

Answer 14

seeing structures in one’s own eye

Question 15

illusions

Answer 15

distortion or misinterpretation of visual perception

Question 16

hallucination

Answer 16

perception of something that is NOT present

Question 17

function of the retinohypothalamic tract; what is the nucleus projecting to this tract

Answer 17

biological clock (provides information regarding external cyclical changes in the day to our internal clock), functions in circadian rhythms. nucleus is suprachiasmatic nuc.

Question 18

where are the retinal projections for the pupillary light reflex ?

Answer 18

pretectal region

Question 19

projections from the retina to the superior colliculus function in

Answer 19

visual (visual tracking), somatic, and auditory information and directs the head and eyes towards the stimuli

Question 20

the superior colliculus and the frontal eye fields controls what ?

Answer 20

saccadic eye movements

Question 21

where does the superior colliculus project to

Answer 21

eye movement regions in the MIDBRAIN; tectospinal tract (head and neck) and the tectopontine (cerebellum)

Question 22

damage to optic chiasma often results in

Answer 22

bitemporal hemianopia

Question 23

retrochiasmal lesions often cause

Answer 23

homonymous vision field defects

Question 24

lesion of the optic tracts often result in

Answer 24

contralateral homonymous hemianopia

Question 25

temporal lobe lesions cause

Answer 25

pie in the sky vision

Question 26

parietal lobe lesions cause

Answer 26

pie in the floor vision

Question 27

lesions of the entire optic radiation results in

Answer 27

contralateral homonymous hemianopia

Question 28

lesions in the upper bank of the calcarine fissure cause

Answer 28

contralateral inferior quadrantnaopia

Question 29

lesions in the lower bank of the calcarine fissure causes

Answer 29

contralateral superior quadrantanopia

Question 30

damage to the entire visual cortex results in

Answer 30

contralateral homonymous hemianopia