Visual Anticipation

Question 1

What is the Temporal Occlusion Paradigm

Answer 1

• Experts process earlier cues to anticipate performance
compared to novices
• Performance improves across temporal conditions
• Experts use cues from an opponent’s movement to
predict performance

Question 2

What is the Spatial Occlusion paradigm

Answer 2

• Occlusion of player’s body locations
• Performance significantly reduces as areas are
occluded
• Experts more sensitive to the occlusion of earlier movement information than novices

Question 3

What is the point-light display

Answer 3

• Joint locations are replaced with dots of light
• Absolute vs. Relative motion information
• One dot of light reflects absolute motion
• Relative motion information is distributed across joints

Question 4

What did Huys et al.’s (2008) findings conlcude?

Answer 4

• Information at each individual location (cues) is less
reliable than (high-order) relative motion information
• Relative motion info is critical for accurate anticipation

Question 5

What did Esteves et al., (2011) find?

Answer 5

• Skilled players wait late
before changing direction
(Esteves et al., 2011)
• Less-skilled ‘telegraph’
decisions

Question 6

Name 2 criticisms of Video Testing

Answer 6

• Video displays poorly simulate the INFORMATION

* Responses are not typical MOVEMENTS

Question 7

Why do video displays poorly simulate the information

Answer 7

– 2D vs. 3D Visual information
– Failure to study any form of interaction between
sportspeople – no competition
– No situated information/game context

Question 8

Why are responses not typical movements

Answer 8

– Unrealistic time constraints
– Participants often produce left/right response
– Verbal or pen/paper do not reflect complex
movements