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Neuro PT > Visual and Perceptual Impairments and Coordination > Flashcards

Visual and Perceptual Impairments and Coordination Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of OT?

A

provide therapy for every day life activities to enhance participation.

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2
Q

What are 2 areas of vision>?

A

Functional Visual skill

Visual perception

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3
Q

Acquiring visual info at retina and coordination of activity to move eye smoothly ?

what is dysfunction associated with?

A

Visual Funcitonal Skill

Crania nerve Palsy

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4
Q

What are ocular movements?

A 
accommodation
Convergence
Divergence
Pursuit
Saccades.
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5
Q

Ability to produce focused image on retina?

what is function of acuity

A

Visual Acuity

collecting detailed visual info allowing for interpretation?

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6
Q

: an unequal curving of one or

more of the refractive surfaces of the eye, usually the cornea.

A

Astigmatism

cause of blurred vision

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7
Q

What are dysfunctions of Fx visual skill (acuity)

A

Astigmastism
Myopia
Hyperopia

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8
Q

light entering the eye is focused in front of the retina and

distant objects cannot be seen sharply.

A

myopia

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9
Q

focused behind the retina, distant objects being seen

more distinctly than near ones

A

Hyperopia

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10
Q

Exam for Fx visual skill of acuity?

Tx?

A

near/distant acuity chart

corrective lense

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11
Q

2 types of visual skills?

A

acuity

occular movement

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12
Q

Ability to move eye?

function of it?

A

Ocular movement

eye alignment/binocular vision

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13
Q

Exam and Tx for ocular movement

A

Visual screen

eye exercise/patching/surgery

prisms

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14
Q

Ability to bring near object into focus quickly

function?

Dysfunction?

A

Accomodation

note-taking

blurry vision/diplopia

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15
Q

ability to move eyes inward in coordinated fashion?

Fx
Dysfx

A

convergence

near vision/tracking approaching object/

decreased hand eye coordination/ blurry

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16
Q

move eyes away from midline

Fx
dysFx

A

divergence

maintain image as object move away/depth perception/

diplopia/disorientation

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17
Q

ability to visually track moving object.

dysfx

fx

A

pursuit

clumsy/dizzy

hand-eye coordination

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18
Q

ability to shift focus from one to another rapidly w/o moving head

A

saccades for driving

dysfx is dizzy

19
Q

brain begins to interpret and attach meaning to visual info.

where?

where is it completed?

A

Visual perception

Hypothalamus

occipital/parietal/temporal lobe

20
Q

types of visual perception?

A 
gnosis
visual spatial perception
field loss
homonymous hemianopsia
hemispatial neglect
motor neglect
21
Q

ability to attach meaning to visual stimuli

inability to attach
meaning to visual stimuli despite normal
functional vision and expressive language

inability to recognize
faces

A

Visual Gnosia

Visual Agnosia

facial agnosia (recognize voice not face)

22
Q

Caused by lesions anywhere along the

visual pathway

A

Visual Field loss.

4 quadrants upper/lower/

23
Q

Caused by lesion along the optic tract as it passes through the Parietal and Temporal Lobes

A

homonymous hemianopsia

loss of vision in nasal field ipsilesional eye and peripheral field of the contralesional eye.

24
Q

how to Dx homonymous hemianopsia

A

visual field testing

25
Q

how do you know its homonymous hemianopsia?

A

not able to attend to stimuli in contralesional space

able to move into contralesional hemispace
gaze there too. or attend to sound there.

26
Q

Prognosis for homonymous hemianopsia?

Tx?

A

low FIM scores.

remediation: Scanning

Compensation: prism/anchoring

27
Q

disorder of attention/perception.

intact but not used functionally

A

Sensory neglect.

no perception past midline.

28
Q

Differential Dx of spatial neglect?

A

cant attend to sound in contralesional

but can gaze/move/look there.

29
Q

Tx of spatial neglect?

A

Remediation:scanning w/ head movement
eye patching/occluder
pursuit activities
limb activation strategy.

Compensatory:
outline/anchor/prism

30
Q

Pt is unable to move into a hemi space
despite being aware of sensory info in that
space

A

motor neglect

don’t cross midline
won’t was or dress hemiplegic side.

31
Q

differential Dx of motor neglect

A

cant: move into contra lesion space (or eyeS)

can: peripheral vision
attend to sound there.

32
Q

Tx for motor neglect?

A

turn trunk
patch eye
occlude R field
arrange room.

33
Q

thinking world is tilted?

where is it often seen?

A

Pusher syndrome (push to paretic side) 18 deg. but visually vertical.

motor response to perceptual impairment

usually in R CVA

34
Q

What is seen with Pusher syndrome?

A
  • spontaneous body posture
  • abd/ext of non paretic extremity
  • resistance to passive correction.
35
Q

Prognosis of Pusher syndrome?

lesion?

A

low FIM score/slow improvement

P-L thalamus.

improvement seen in first month.

36
Q

Tx for pusher syndrome?

A 
NDT: lean against wall
use visual vertical
gravity eliminated positions
involved side transfer
tens on contralesional side.

have them correct themselves.

37
Q

Ability to execute SMOOTH movement?

depend on

A

coordination

somatosensory/visual/vestibular

seen in execution and termination of hedman

38
Q

areas of trouble for coordination?

A

cerebellum
basal ganglia
dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway

39
Q

Cerebellar pathologies?

A 
ataxia*
dysarthria
dysdiadochokinesia*
dysmetria*
hypotonia
nystagmus
tremor
40
Q

Coordination tests include

A

Equllibrium and nonequillibrium

41
Q

Dysdiadochokinesia test?

dysmetria?

A

sup/pro/ toe tap

finger-nose/

42
Q

is there a benefit to testing coordination with eyes closed?

link b/w coordination and activity/participation?

A

no for both.

43
Q

Interventions for Ataxia?

A 
Damping: by weighting 
Tracking resistance (weighted walker)
Control DOF
enhance proprioceptive input
strengthening.

Neuro PT (12 decks)

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