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Pediatrics > Vision Screening > Flashcards

Vision Screening Flashcards

1
Q

What states require exams for children?

A
  • Kentucky
  • Missouri
  • Illinois
  • California
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2
Q

What % of children have not visited an eye care provider in the past year?

A

79%

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3
Q

What % of children have never seen an eye care professional?

A

35%

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4
Q

How do you best find children with vision problems?

A

Vision screenings

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5
Q

Federal law states Head start requires all children screened within __ days of entry.

A

45 days

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6
Q

What % of children who fail initial vision screening do not reeive the appropriate follow up care?

A

40%

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7
Q

What test are used for vision screenings?

A
  1. Visual Acuity Tests
  2. Eye alignment Tests
  3. Refractive Error
  4. Photoscreeners
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8
Q

What are the goals of VIP (vision in preschoolers)?

A
  1. identify whether there are vision screening tests can accurately predict 3 & 4 yo at risk
  2. what test can be used by nurses and lay screeners to empower communities
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9
Q

What is the most frequently occurring vision disorder?

A

Refractive Error

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10
Q

If RE is left uncorrected, what can it cause?

A
  • amblyopia
  • strabismus
  • interfere with performance
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11
Q

If strabismus is left uncorrected, what can it cause?

A
  1. Amblyopia

2. Reduced or absent binocularity and steropsis

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12
Q

Early detection and treatment can help with what 2 things?

A
  1. prevent loss of vision

2. decrease negative impact

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13
Q

Group 1 conditions are Very important to detect early. What are the conditions?

A
  • Amblyopia worse than 20/64
  • Constant strabismus or eye turn
  • Refractive Errors
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14
Q

What refractive errors are important in group 1 conditions?

A
  • Moderate to high hyperopia
  • High myopia
  • Moderate astigmatism
  • Severe anisometropia
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15
Q

There was a ___% specificity to determine group 1 conditions?

A

90%

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16
Q

What are the best tests for group 1 conditions?

A
  • High tech

- Low tech

17
Q

What are the characteristics of screening tests?

A
  1. High specificity and sensitivity
  2. safe to administer
  3. reasonable costs
  4. Improved health outcomes
  5. widely available
18
Q

A sensitivity of 90% means what?

A

Identifies 90 of 100 children with a problem

- failed to identify 10 children

19
Q

A specificity of 90% means what?

A
  • Only 10 of 100 children are without a problem

- correctly identified 90 children with normal vision

20
Q

This is the probability that a test will indicate the patients with the condition.

A

Sensitivity

21
Q

This is the percentage of children without the condition who will have a negative test result

A

Specificity

22
Q

What are the 2 main visual acuity test used to screen children?

A

HOTV VA

Lea Symbols VA

23
Q

What is the best test distance for a preschool vision screening?

A

5 feet

24
Q

What type of eye patch is best?

A

Pear shaped sticky eye patch

25
Q

What is the sensitivity of Lea Symbols? HOTV when an OD or MD is the screener?

A

Lea = 77% (77/100 children are found WITH a problem)

HOTV = 72%

26
Q

What is the sensitivity when the nurses or lay persons are screeners?

A

Lea/HOTV = 50-60%

27
Q

Single crowded lea symbols should be tested at what distance?

A

5 feet

28
Q

What is the 3 and 4/5 yo passing criteria for Lea wheel ?

A

3 yo = 20/50

4/5yo = 20/40

29
Q

What modifications were made to test lea symbols in preschoolers?

A
  • 5 ft wheel works best

- Use patch glasses (fun)

30
Q

What is best to test a patient’s refractive error?

A

noncycloplegic retinoscopy

31
Q

What are the 3 main tests that assess refraction? What is the testability?

A
  • Noncycloplegic Ret
  • Retinomax Autorefractor
  • Suresight Vision Screener
  • 98% in 3-5 yo
32
Q

What was the sensitiviity of NCR and retinomax when eye examiners did it?

A
  • NCR = 90%

- Retinomax = 88%

33
Q

What are the eye alignment screening tests?

A
  1. Cover test
  2. Randot E
  3. Stereo Smile
34
Q

Which 2 eye alignement tests have the best testability?

A

CT and Stereo Smile

35
Q

Which test eye alignment test has the best sensitivity?

A
  • Stereo smile

- 72% sensitivity vs. 60% in CT

36
Q

Name the top 4 best test to use during pediatric vision screenings.

A
  1. Retinomax AR
  2. Suresight Vision Screener
  3. LEA symbols at 5 ft w/ patch glasses
  4. Stereo Smile for strabismus

Pediatrics (10 decks)

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