Vision Screening Flashcards
What states require exams for children?
- Kentucky
- Missouri
- Illinois
- California
What % of children have not visited an eye care provider in the past year?
79%
What % of children have never seen an eye care professional?
35%
How do you best find children with vision problems?
Vision screenings
Federal law states Head start requires all children screened within __ days of entry.
45 days
What % of children who fail initial vision screening do not reeive the appropriate follow up care?
40%
What test are used for vision screenings?
- Visual Acuity Tests
- Eye alignment Tests
- Refractive Error
- Photoscreeners
What are the goals of VIP (vision in preschoolers)?
- identify whether there are vision screening tests can accurately predict 3 & 4 yo at risk
- what test can be used by nurses and lay screeners to empower communities
What is the most frequently occurring vision disorder?
Refractive Error
If RE is left uncorrected, what can it cause?
- amblyopia
- strabismus
- interfere with performance
If strabismus is left uncorrected, what can it cause?
- Amblyopia
2. Reduced or absent binocularity and steropsis
Early detection and treatment can help with what 2 things?
- prevent loss of vision
2. decrease negative impact
Group 1 conditions are Very important to detect early. What are the conditions?
- Amblyopia worse than 20/64
- Constant strabismus or eye turn
- Refractive Errors
What refractive errors are important in group 1 conditions?
- Moderate to high hyperopia
- High myopia
- Moderate astigmatism
- Severe anisometropia
There was a ___% specificity to determine group 1 conditions?
90%
What are the best tests for group 1 conditions?
- High tech
- Low tech
What are the characteristics of screening tests?
- High specificity and sensitivity
- safe to administer
- reasonable costs
- Improved health outcomes
- widely available
A sensitivity of 90% means what?
Identifies 90 of 100 children with a problem
- failed to identify 10 children
A specificity of 90% means what?
- Only 10 of 100 children are without a problem
- correctly identified 90 children with normal vision
This is the probability that a test will indicate the patients with the condition.
Sensitivity
This is the percentage of children without the condition who will have a negative test result
Specificity
What are the 2 main visual acuity test used to screen children?
HOTV VA
Lea Symbols VA
What is the best test distance for a preschool vision screening?
5 feet
What type of eye patch is best?
Pear shaped sticky eye patch
What is the sensitivity of Lea Symbols? HOTV when an OD or MD is the screener?
Lea = 77% (77/100 children are found WITH a problem)
HOTV = 72%
What is the sensitivity when the nurses or lay persons are screeners?
Lea/HOTV = 50-60%
Single crowded lea symbols should be tested at what distance?
5 feet
What is the 3 and 4/5 yo passing criteria for Lea wheel ?
3 yo = 20/50
4/5yo = 20/40
What modifications were made to test lea symbols in preschoolers?
- 5 ft wheel works best
- Use patch glasses (fun)
What is best to test a patient’s refractive error?
noncycloplegic retinoscopy
What are the 3 main tests that assess refraction? What is the testability?
- Noncycloplegic Ret
- Retinomax Autorefractor
- Suresight Vision Screener
- 98% in 3-5 yo
What was the sensitiviity of NCR and retinomax when eye examiners did it?
- NCR = 90%
- Retinomax = 88%
What are the eye alignment screening tests?
- Cover test
- Randot E
- Stereo Smile
Which 2 eye alignement tests have the best testability?
CT and Stereo Smile
Which test eye alignment test has the best sensitivity?
- Stereo smile
- 72% sensitivity vs. 60% in CT
Name the top 4 best test to use during pediatric vision screenings.
- Retinomax AR
- Suresight Vision Screener
- LEA symbols at 5 ft w/ patch glasses
- Stereo Smile for strabismus
