Vision

Question 1

hyperopia

symptoms?
treatment?

Answer 1

• Objects that are close to the eye appear blurry, while those that are far away are clear. Symptoms may also include difficulty concentrating on work that is close, eye strain, headaches
• corrected with glasses or contacts

Question 2

myopia

symtpoms?
treatment?

Answer 2

• Objects that are far away appear blurry, while those that are close are clear. Common symptoms include difficulty seeing signs while driving, watching movies in a theater, or seeing the chalkboard in school.
• Correctable with glasses, contact lenses. Correctible with glasses, contact lenses or various forms of Lasik surgery.

Question 3

Cataracts

symtpoms?
treatment?

Answer 3

• Loss of visual acuity, visual distortion, darkening of vision. Lights may seem too bright or there may be a halo around lights. Other symptoms include poor night vision, double vision, and increased near sightedness. Colors may seem faded.
• vision is cloudy, blurry, and filmy
• Early cataracts are managed with adaptations including glasses, magnifiers, and bright lighting. Advancing cataracts that limit functional vision must be removed surgically.

Question 4

Glaucoma

symptoms?
treatment?

Answer 4

Acute angle-closure glaucoma:

• intense eye pain
• eye pain after watching television or leaving a dark theater
• halos around lights
• morning headaches
• red eyes
• nausea or vomiting secondary to pain
• swollen or clouded cornea
• sudden increase in IOP
• impaired peripheral vision

-patchy blind spots, halos, and tunnel vision

Open-angle glaucoma:

• patchy blind spots, often in both eyes
• tunnel vision

Question 5

Macular degeneration

symptoms?
treatment?

Answer 5

Loss of central vision. Other symptoms include sensitivity to glare and difficulty with light changes. Some peripheral vision may remain intact.
Dry AMD – blurred vision, need for increased light, difficulty recognizing faces.
Wet AMD – straight lines appear wavy.
difficult time recognizing faces, driving and reading etc.

-Dry AMD – not treatable, but progression can be slowed through a healthy lifestyle and antioxidant vitamins.
Wet AMD – can be stopped or slowed with injections of anti-angiogenic agents into the eye.

Question 6

Diabetic retinopathy

Answer 6

• Blurred or fluctuating vision, “floaters” in the visual field (dark spots or strings), impaired color vision, and dark or empty areas within the visual field.
• Careful management of diabetes can slow progression. Advanced stage leads to permanent blindness.

Question 7

visual agnosia

Answer 7

inability to recognize common objects and identify their use in a activity

Question 8

left/right Homonymous hemianopsia,

Answer 8

hemianopic visual field loss on the same side of both eyes.