Vision Flashcards
Refractive eyes are good at
Resolution
Compound eyes are good at
Motion detection
Detecting multiple wavelengths
Detecting polarized light
Passage of light
Cornea → Anterior Chamber → Iris & pupil → lense → Posterior Chamber
Fovea
Greatest visual acuity
More cones than rods
Optic disc
Blind spot on retina, axons from receptors form the optic nerve
Tapetum
Reflective guanine crystals found in nocturnal animals
Name 5 cell types in the retina
Photoreceptors Bipolar cells Horizontal cells Amacrine cells Ganglion cells
Major refractive element
Cornea
Depth of field determined by
Iris & pupil
Accommodation
Lense
Rods are sensitive to
diffuse and scattered light
Rods are used in night\light vision
Night vision and Monochromatic vision
Cones are sensitive to
Color
Temporal and spatial resolution
Rods\cones
Cones
There are more rod\cones
Rods
Synaptic terminal of photoreceptors
Vesicles for neurotran
Inner segment of photoreceptors
Nucleus & organelles
Outer segment of photoreceptors
Membranous discs
What is the response to light depolarization or hyperpolarization?
HYPERPOLARIZATION
No action potential released in response to light
Sequence of hyperpolarization
Ca channels that are usually open in outer segment closes
Less Ca enters the cells
Less NT release
What happens to retinol when activated by light
Retinol gets converted from cis to trans
Opsin and retinal combine
What is responsible for the decrease in cGMP when activated by light
Phosphodiesterases
At rest levels of cGMP, Ca and Na are
High