Diencephalon Flashcards
Parts of the diencephalon
Thalamus (Dorsal thalamus)
Epithalamus
Hypothalamus
Subthalamus
Parts of epithalamus
Pineal gland
Habenula
Subthalamus
Pineal
Release of melatonin, circadian cycle
Habenula
Limbic relay nuclei
Negative reward system
Parts of Subthalamus
Basail Ganglia
Basil ganglia
Voluntary motor movements
Procedural learning
Habits
Function of thalamus
Filter stimuli from multiple sensory pathways except olfaction
Relay sensory & cortical information back to the cortex
Control the excitability of the cortex
The thalamus is located bewteen
3rd ventricle & internal capsule
2 modes for thalamic neurons
Burst and tonic mode
Burst mode
Rhythmic & inhibitory
Tonic
Responds to input\information
4 types of thalamic nuclei
Relay nuclei
Association nuclei
Intralaminar nuclei
Reticular thalamic nuclei
Relay nuclei
Filter information before it reaches the cortex
Association nuclei
Receive input from multiple parts of the cortex and output back to the cortex
Intralaminar nuclei
Sleep wake cycle
Connected to basal ganglia & limbic systems
Reticular thalamic neurons
inhibitory neurons that reflect back to the thalamus
NO output to the cortex
Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus (VPL)
Somatosensory information from body
Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus (VPM)
Somatosensory information from head
Medial Geniculate
Relay auditory information
Later Geniculate
Relay visual information
Metathalamus
Medial + lateral geniculate nucleus
Ventral Lateral & Medial Nucleus
Initiation of movement
Inputs: Basal nuclei (substantia nigra and the globus pallidus)
Outputs: Premotor cortex
Mediodorsal & Anterior Nuclei
Project to limbic areas of the brain
