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Anatomy Head and Neck > Viscera > Flashcards

Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Fold of mucosa covering palatoglossus m.

A

palatoglossal fold

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2
Q

Maxillary sinus

A

Drains into middle meatus infraorbital, ASA, MSA, PSA n.

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3
Q

Paired cartilage of larynx

A

Corniculate arytnoid cuneiform

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4
Q

epiglottis

A

leaf like, posterior to tongue

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5
Q

Where does the nascolacrimal duct drain?

A

inferior meatus

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6
Q

Arytenoid cartilage

A

a pyramid shaped cartilage located on the superior margin of the cricoid lamina each is connected to the epiglottis, thyroid cartilage

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7
Q

Median Cricothyroid ligament

A

inferior margin of thyroid to the cricoid cartilage

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8
Q

Palatopharyngeal fold

A

fold of mucosa covering the palatopharyngeus m.

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9
Q

lingual n. to submandibular duct

A

superior and lateral to inferior and medial

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10
Q

Fusion of inferior laminae in median plane “adams apple”

A

Laryngeal Prominence

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11
Q

The ________ connects the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity

A

lingual frenulum

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12
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

large posterior lamina and narrow anterior arch

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13
Q

the _______ are small openings on either side of the lingual frenulum and open from the submandibular ducts.

A

Sublingual papilla

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14
Q

Boundaries of oral cavity

A

Cheeks, lips, hard palate, mucosa over mylohyoid palatoglossal arch

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15
Q

Salpingopharngeal fold

A

Fold just posterior of uvula and posterior-inferior of pharyngotympanic opening

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16
Q

what is sound resonator?

A

airway

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17
Q

Superior Cornu

A

the rounded, superior projection of the posterior border of the thyroid lamina

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18
Q

Inferior cornu

A

posterior laminae border of thyroid cartilage. articulates with cricoid cartilage

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19
Q

what are the small openings on anterior portion of oral cavity that contain sublingual ducts?

A

sublingual folds

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20
Q

what bones make up the lateral nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoid, sphenoid, palatine, maxilla nasal bone

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21
Q

Posterior cricoid cartilage

A

lamina

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22
Q

Arytnoid

A

shaped like pyramid perched ons superior aspect of lamina of cricoid cart 2 processes: vocal and muscular

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23
Q

What is the promotory?

A

first turn of chochlea medial wall of middle ear that the nerves rest on.

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24
Q

Laryngeal cavity inferior to vocal folds

A

Infraglottic cavity

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25
Q

Parotid gland

A

located anterior to each ear. Produces saliva and delivers that saliva into the mouth via parotid ducts

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26
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid

A

from lamina of cricoid cart to muscular process of arytnoid. Causes rotation of artynoid and abduct vocal folds

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27
Q

Oral cavity propper

A

from inner teeth to palatoglossal fold

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28
Q

Salpingopharyngeal fold

A

salpingopharyngeal fold contains the salpingopharyngeus m.

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29
Q

Thyrohyoid membrane

A

Superior border and superior cornu of thyroid cartilage attaches to the hyoid.

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30
Q

Circothryoid lig

A

Median and lateral, from cricoid cart and thryoid cart anteriorly

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31
Q

purpose of concha

A

stir up air to get the small to the olfactory neurons increase surface to warm air and add moisture

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32
Q

Thyroid cart

A

left and right lamina that fuse along midline with superior and inferior cornu (more lateral aspect)

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33
Q

Sphenoethmoidal recess

A

opening for sphenoid sinus lies superior posterior to superior concha

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34
Q

Root of tongue

A

attaches to posterior portion of mandibule nearly vertical between mandible and hyoid

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35
Q

Where does the maxillary sinus drain?

A

Middle meatus

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36
Q

Sublingual papilla

A

openings from submandibular ducts found on each side of lingual frenulum

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37
Q

what is sound source on larynx?

A

vocal folds

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38
Q

posterior ethmoidal air cells

A

drains into superior meatus posterior ethmoidal n.

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39
Q

Oropharyngeal isthmus

A

part of the oropharynx directly behind the mouth cavity, bounded superiorly by the soft palate, laterally by the palatoglossal arches, and inferiorly by the tongue.

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40
Q

Ceniform Carilage

A

paired cartilages that sit on top of and move with the arytenoids. They are located above and in front of the corniculate cartilages Covered by the aryepiglottic folds

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41
Q

Thyroid laminae

A

a broad flat plate of cartilage forming one side of the thyroid cartilage; two laminae fuse anteriorly in the midline to form the thyroid cartilage

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42
Q

Inferior metaus

A

opening of nasolacrimal duct

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43
Q

Where do the anterior air cells drain?

A

Middle meatus just posterior to ethmoidal bulla

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44
Q

What is covered by aryepiglottic folds?

A

cuneiform cartilage

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45
Q

what direction does muscular process on arytnoid face?

A

laterally

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46
Q

four small endocrine glands located on the posterior surface of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland

A

Parathyroid gland

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47
Q

what bones make up the nasal septum?

A

Ethmoid perpendicular plate, Vomer, part of palatine, maxilla, and septal cartilage

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48
Q

Sublingual folds

A

small folds on anterior portion of oral cavity floor that contain sublingual ducts

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49
Q

Why do men have an adams apple?

A

before puberty, thyroid cartilage is the same size between men and women Testosterone causes an increase in thyroid cartilage growth

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50
Q

Tongue/larynx in chimps and humans

A

In humans, tongue is much larger. Thus, when we move our heads upward, there isn’t enough room for larynx to be so high, so it much drop lower. greater risk of choking, but increased verbalization capability

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51
Q

Aryepiglottic folds

A

Cover the Cuneiform cartilage and are inferior and lateral to epiglottis

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52
Q

Vocal Folds

A

Control sound production projects medially into laryngeal cavity

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53
Q

Pharyngeal tonsil

A

a mass of lymphatic tissue situated posterior to the nasal cavity, in the roof of the nasopharynx, where the nose blends into the throat.

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54
Q

what types of teeth do we have?

A

3 molars 2 premolars 1 canine 2 incisors one ach dise and top and bottom

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55
Q

why do men have a lower voice?

A

vocal lig are attached to the thyroid cargilate and causes a lower pitched voice

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56
Q

Infraglottic Cavity

A

Laryngeal cavity inferior to vocal folds

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57
Q

Ligament attaching between thyroid cart and hyoid

A

thyrohyoid membrane

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58
Q

what is your adams apple called?

A

laryngeal prominence

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59
Q

Can humans drink and break at same time?

A

Yes as infants because epiglottis is touching soft palate

60
Q

Where do the posterior air cells drain?

A

superior metaus

61
Q

Pharyngeal recess

A

posterior to the salpingopharyngeal fold

62
Q

Function of larynx

A

voice porduction guard air passages and serves as sphincter or valve during swallowing

63
Q

Ventricle of Larynx

A

laryngeal cavity between vestibular and vocal folds

64
Q

Forces inspiration vocal folds

A

vocal folds abducted vestibule open

65
Q

Inner ear

A

stimulus transduction from mechanical mvmt of petrous temporal bone into action potentials

66
Q

glottis

A

space between vocal folds into infraglottic cavity of larynx

67
Q

Superior border and superior cornu of thyroid cartilage attaches to the hyoid

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

68
Q

What are the three salivary glands?

A

Parotid sublingual submandibular

69
Q

Purpose of sinuses?

A

Keep the weight of the frontal aspect of the skull light to keep our head upright

70
Q

submandibular gland.

A

Along mandible,located superior and deep to mylohyoid has opening into sub-mandibular duct produces saliva

71
Q

Ethmoidal air cells

A

Most middle and anterior of the sinuses anterior grow overtime into the frontal bone to create the frontal sinus

72
Q

fold of mucosa covering the palatopharyngeus m.

A

Palatopharyngeal fold

73
Q

what is the order of the inner ear bones from laterally to medially?

A

Malleus, incus, stapes

74
Q

What forms the borders of the laryngeal inlet

A

Cuneiform cart (latera) Corniculate Cart (posterior) epiglottis (anerior)

75
Q

ring shaped cartilage inferior to thyroid cartilage on trachea thicker and stronger than thryoid

A

Cricoid cartilage

76
Q

Ludwig’s Angina

A

Infection of floor of oral cavity, under tongue associated with lower tooth abscess

77
Q

what extends between thyroid and arytenoid cartilage?

A

Vestibular folds

78
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

outgrowths of nasal epithelium mucosa onto adjacent bones

79
Q

Spread of infection from the mouth

A

Can invade into the submandibular fossa also can spread via the stylogossus m. into the parapharyngeal space and retropharyngeal space and into mediastinsum

80
Q

a small cartilage located on the apex of the arytenoid cartilage

A

Corniculate cartilage

81
Q

Lingual frenulum

A

Connects tongue to the floor of oral cavity

82
Q

Corniculate cartilage

A

very tip of arytnoid cart

83
Q

Piriform Recess

A

Piriform Recess a depression on either side of the laryngeal inlet - a location where foreign bodies (steak, hot dogs, etc.) frequently lodge and can obstruct the flow of air!

84
Q

inferior margin of thyroid to the cricoid cartilage

A

Median cricothyroid ligament

85
Q

posterior laminae border of thyroid cartilage. articulates with cricoid cartilage

A

Inferior Cornu

86
Q

Phonation vocal folds

A

Vocal folds adducted vestibule open

87
Q

how is auditory signal amplified in middle ear?

A

large tympanic membrane to the small oval window

88
Q

Action of Cricothyroid

A

extends from cricoid cart to thyroid cart moves thyroid anteriorly to tense vocal ligament and increase pitch

89
Q

Crown of tooth

A

the part that sicks out of the gums

90
Q

Middle ethmoidal air cells

A

drains into middle meatus vis hiatus semilunaris anterior and posterior ethmoidal n.

91
Q

extends between vocal folds and superior border of cricoid cartilage

A

lateral circothyroid ligament

92
Q

How is impedence mismatch overcome in hearing?

A

incus, stapes, and malleus are arranged thighly and movement of tympanic membrane amplified movement of these bones.

93
Q

Vestibule of largynx

A

laryngeal cavity superior to vestibular folds

94
Q

Middle ear

A

amp and impedance matching between air and water

95
Q

laryngeal cavity between vestibular and vocal folds

A

Ventricle of larynx

96
Q

What direction does vocal process on artynoid face?

A

anteriorly

97
Q

part of the oropharynx directly behind the mouth cavity, bounded superiorly by the soft palate, laterally by the palatoglossal arches, and inferiorly by the tongue.

A

Oropharyngeal isthmus

98
Q

where do the sphenoidal sinuses drain?

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

99
Q

Cuneiform cartilage

A

small cartilaginous nodule located in the aryepiglottic fold

100
Q

Vestibule of oral cavity

A

Space between lips, cheeks, teeth and associated gingiva

101
Q

Corniculate cartilage

A

a small cartilage located on the apex of the arytenoid cartilage Found at base of aryepiglottic fold

102
Q

where does thyroid cart articulate with circoid?

A

inferior cornu of thyroid

103
Q

laryngeal cavity superior to vestibular folds

A

vestibule of larynx

104
Q

a pyramid shaped cartilage located on the superior margin of the cricoid lamina

A

Arytenoid Cartilage

105
Q

Where does the Frontal Sinus Drain?

A

Into the middle meatus

106
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

the inferior & posterior cartilage of the larynx; it forms a complete cartilaginous ring; its arch projects anteriorly and its lamina is broad and flat posteriorly

107
Q

Angles that point posteriorly on tongue towards the foramen caecum

A

sulcus terminalis

108
Q

External ear

A

sound collection, transmission to cranium and amplification

109
Q

Thryoarytenoid m.

A

mist medial and slacks tightened vocal cord to change ptich

110
Q

Transverse and Oblique arytenoid m. actions

A

Contractions and glides medially to tighten vestibule of larynx

111
Q

Effort closure of vocal folds

A

vocal folds cosed vestibular folds closed

112
Q

Where do the Middle air cells drain?

A

Middle meatus just anterior to ethmoidal bulla

113
Q

Palatoglossal fold

A

Fold of mucosa covering palatoglossus m. connecting soft palate to tongue

114
Q

ducts of sublingual gland

A

there are lots of small ducts instead of one large one

115
Q

Process of mucus in the nose

A

Epithelium is cilliated with globules that produce mucus Dust and air gest stuck in the mucus cilia beats mucus in posterior direction where it is swallowed

116
Q

Parathyroid gland

A

four small endocrine glands located on the posterior surface of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland

117
Q

Frontal sinus

A

drains middel meatus vis fonto-nasal duct innervated by supraorbital n.

118
Q

small cartilaginous nodule located in the aryepiglottic fold

A

cuneiform cartilage

119
Q

what cartilage sits on the arytnoid caart

A

Corniculate

120
Q

what defines the velleculae space?

A

medial and lateral glossoepiglossal folds

121
Q

Sphenoidal sinus

A

drains sphenoethmoidal recess posterior ethmoideal n.

122
Q

Sublingual gland

A

found on flood between mandible and genioglossus m. produces saliva

123
Q

Thyroid cartialge

A

sits in front of larynx and superior to thyroid gland Contains an inferior cornu and superior cornu

124
Q

movement of arytnoid cart?

A

A/P, L/M, and rotate laterally

125
Q

what is sound radiator?

A

mouth

126
Q

Median glossoepiglottic fold

A

fold of mucosa located between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis

127
Q

Three unpaired cartilage of larynx?

A

epiglottis thryoid cart cricoid cart

128
Q

small divit in the back of the tongue that has sulcus terminalis leading to it.

A

foramen caecum

129
Q

fold of mucosa located between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis

A

median glossoepiglottic fold

130
Q

Anterior ethmoidal air cells

A

Drain into middle meatus via froto-nasal duct innervated by anterior ethmoidal n.

131
Q

Swallowing

A

1) Tongue moves bolus posteriorly by styloglossus contraction, palate elevated by levator palatini, tensor palatini prevents too much upward movement, superior contstrictor prevents movement into nasopharynx 2) palatoglossal contracts to project bolus into valleculae 3) hyoid bone elevated towards chin forces epiglottis downward 4) vocal folds and vestibular folds are adducted to shut of laryngeal inlet, bolus is deflected from voleculla and down piriform recess and into exophagus

132
Q

Superior meatus

A

openings to posterior ethmoidal cells narrow passage between superior and middle nasal conchae

133
Q

Toris tube

A

Cartilaginous end of auditory tube

134
Q

Small bumps on the back of the tongue

A

lingual tonsils

135
Q

Middle metaus

A

opening of ethmoidal air cells opening of nasofrontal duct haitus semilunarus opening (ostium) of maxillary sinus

136
Q

Why is the cavernous sinus connected to our nose?

A

Originally, animals needed to run long distances and the CS was a means of cooling blood before it reached the brain.

137
Q

depression on either side of the laryngeal inlet

A

Piriform Recess

138
Q

Anterior cricoid cartilage

A

arch

139
Q

Lateral circoarytnoid m.

A

lateral aspcect of cricoid cart to muscular process of aryntoid to rotate and adduct vocal folds

140
Q

Vestibular folds

A

extend between thyroid and arytenoid cartilage

141
Q

Path of submandbiular gland

A

wraps around posterior border to mylohyoid and opens in sublingual caruncle

142
Q

posterior to the salpingopharyngeal fold

A

pharyngeal recess

143
Q

Laryngeal prominence

A

Fusion of inferior laminae in median plane “adams apple”

144
Q

Vestibular folds

A

False folds, just superior to vocal folds

145
Q

Vocal folds in quiet respiration

A

open relaxed

146
Q

where doe the submandibular ducts open into the mouth

A

sublingual caruncle, just lateral of frenulum of tongue

Anatomy Head and Neck (11 decks)

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