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Infectious disease > viruses > Flashcards

viruses Flashcards

1
Q

HSV lives in the ?

A

dorsal root ganglion, reactivates with stress, trauma

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2
Q

HSV 3 (zoster/Chicken pox) diag?

A

Clinical - dew drops in different stages of healing. Small pox is all 1 stage of healing

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3
Q

How can you tx or prevent varicella?

A

vaccination, Tx is supportive

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4
Q

Dermatome pattern, unilateral

A

Shingles

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5
Q

Trigeminal nerve Dermatome pattern

A

Herpes Ophthalmicus

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6
Q

Hutchinson sign

A

herpetic lesion to tip of nose

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7
Q

After zoster has resolved and has painful neuralgia

A

Post-herpetic neuralgia - TX: steroids, gabapentin

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8
Q

TRIAD: Pharyngitis, posterior lymphadenopathy, fever is?

A

mononucleosis - Burkitt lymphoma

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9
Q

maculopapular/petechial rash (will definitely appear if you treat with amoxicillin –
happens when misdiagnosed as strep throat)

A

mononucleosis

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10
Q

mononucleosis Complications

A

splenic rupture, pericarditis,

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11
Q

mononucleosis Dx

A

Heterophil antibodies ( false + RPR) T spot, clinical diagnosis

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12
Q

mononucleosis tx?

A

supportive (do not give ASA b/c of concern for Reyes syndrome), No contact sports

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13
Q

Cytomegalovirus tx?

A

Ganciclovir, Foscarnet

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14
Q

Severe CMV in what 2 populations?

A

Congenital (micrcephaly, rash) or HIV (retinitis”pizza pie lesion)

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15
Q

Sudden high fevers then days later rash starts as the child is getting better. Rash starts on Trunk and moves to head and neck

A

Roseola/“Sixth disease” “Exanthem subitum”

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16
Q

What do you not give Roseola?

A

No ASA, give tylenol

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17
Q

congenital rubella lead to what 3 things?

A

Microcephaly
PDA (patent ductus arteriosus)
Cataracts

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18
Q

Fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
● Koplik spots (not always seen)
● Rash starts on head and spreads
● Rash “stains” (turns brown)

A

Measles - rash from head and M spreads

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19
Q

Parvo B19 causes

A

Erythema Infectiosum:“Fifth Disease” Slap cheek

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20
Q

Genetic drift and shift leads to mutation in what virus?

A

Flu - shift is more violent and major mutations

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21
Q

Sudden onset fever, sore throat, headache, myalgias, nonproductive cough

A

flu

22
Q

Most common cause of death is secondary pneumonia (often staph)

A

flu - secondary pneumonia

23
Q

Flu tx?

A

oseltamivir, zanamivir <48 hrs/

24
Q

Pain/paresthesia at site, restless, seizures, thick saliva - dog,bats, foxes, raccons, coyotes

A

Rabies

25
Q

does Rabies have hydrophobia?

A

yes

26
Q

if bitten what do you do?

A

post-ex vax with rabies immunoglobulin. & HDCV (4 days)

27
Q

Cauliflower, genital warts is? Tx/

A

HPV. Gardesil 9

28
Q

retrovirus that requires reverse transcriptase

A

HIV

29
Q

Macrophages serve as reservoir of virus

A

HIV

30
Q

HIV <200 CD4

A

AIDS dementia, PCP, HIV encephalopathy, candida

31
Q

HIV <100 CD4

A

toxo, histo, cryto, cocci

32
Q

HIV <50 CD4

A

PML, MAC, CMV

33
Q

SE of NRTI?

A

peripheral neurpathy, hepatits, rash

34
Q

SE of NNRTI

A

Rash

35
Q

Post-exposure prophylaxis i shoudl be given within ?

A

72 hours

36
Q

HIV infection at any time?

A

TB, Zoster, Kaposis

37
Q 
oxacillin minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≥ 4 µg/mL is what bacteria
A

MRSA

38
Q

prolonged hospitalization, admission to ICU or nursing home, recent antibiotic use can lead to?

A

MRSA

39
Q

Necrotizing pneumonia following influenza infection is due to?

A

MRSA

40
Q

MRSA Diag?

A

gram stain, PCR

41
Q

MRSA tx?

A

Bactrum, Clinda - Oral

Vanco, Daptomycin - IV

42
Q

flavivirus, in CSF, Blood, Urine, Semen

A

Zika

43
Q

S/Sx: acute onset low-grade fever, maculopapular pruritic rash, arthralgia &
conjunctivitis; fetal loss may occur during pregnancy

A

Zika;

44
Q

Zika Dx

A

NAT

45
Q

Zika Tx

A

symptomatic, Prevention: mosquito protection

46
Q

congenital Zika syndrome

A

microcephaly, facial disproportion, irritability, hypertonia/spasticity, hyperreflexia,
seizures, sensorineural hearing loss, limb & ocular

47
Q

Most common pathogens isolated are gram-positive bacteria. multiple organ
dysfunction syndrome & death

A

SIRS/Sepsis

48
Q

Risk Factors: ICU admission, nosocomial infection, bacteremia, ↑ age,
immunosuppression, previous hospitalization, CAP

A

SIRS/Sepsis

49
Q

hypotension, tachycardia,

tachypnea, fever, leukocytosis, left shift, organ dysfunction

A

Sepsis

50
Q

requirement of vasopressors despite adequate fluid resuscitation, ↑
LACTATE, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

A

Sepsis

51
Q

Sepsis tx?

A

aggressive fluid resuscitation, vasopressor agents

52
Q

Septic shock needs vasopressor despite IVF.

A

Yes

Infectious disease (6 decks)

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