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Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Live attenuated vaccines? (6)

A 
Smallpox
Yellow f.
chicken pox (VZV)
Sabin's polio vaccine
MMR
Influenza (intranasal)
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2
Q

Killed vaccines? (4)

A 
"RIP Always"
Rabies
Influenza (injected)
Salk Polio
HAV
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3
Q

Recombinant vaccine? (2)

A

HBV (recombinant HBsAg)

HPV (types 6, 11, 16, 18)

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4
Q

DNA viruses:

  • Only ssDNA? (rest are dsDNA)
  • 3 circulate? (rest are linear)
A
  • Parvoviridea (part-of-a-virus)

- Papilloma-, polyoma-, hepadnaviruses

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5
Q

RNA viruses:

  • Only dsRNA? (rest are ssRNA)
  • (+) stranded RNA viruses? (7)
A
  • Reoviridae (REpeat-O)

- Retrov., togav., flaviv., coronav., hepev., caliciv., picornav.

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6
Q

All viruses are haploid except?

A

Retroviruses, have 2 identical ssRNA (+) molec’s

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7
Q

Naked DNA viruses?

Naked RNA viruses?

A
  • PAPP = Papilloma, Adeno, Picorna, Polyoma

- CPR and hepevirus = Calci, Parvo, Reo, Hepevirus

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8
Q

Only env’d virus to get env from nuc mem instead of pl mem?

A

Herpesvirus

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9
Q

DNA viruses (7)

  • strands are?
  • DNA shape is?
  • capsule shape is?
  • rep where?
A 
HHAPPPPy (usu ds, linear, icosahedral, rep in nuc)
Hepadna (circular, incomplete)
Herpes
Adeno
Pox (complex shape) (rep's in cytopl)
Parvo (ss-)
Papilloma (circular, supercoiled)
Polyoma (circular, supercoiled)
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10
Q

Herpesviruses:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

env’d, dsDNA, linear, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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11
Q

HHV-3 =

  • 4 =
  • 5 =
  • 6 =
  • 7 =
  • 8 =
A 
3=VZV
4=EBV
5=CMV
6=roseola
7=less common cause of roseola
8=Kaposi's
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12
Q

Hepadnavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

env’d, dsDNA, partially circular, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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13
Q

Which virus is not a retrovirus but still has RT?

A

HBV

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14
Q

Adenovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, dsDNA, linear, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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15
Q

Adenovirus causes?

A

Febrile pharyngitis (sore throat, acute hemorrhagic cystitis)
Pneumo
Pink eye

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16
Q

Parvovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, ssDNA, linear (-), icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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17
Q

Parvovirus

  • in fetus causes?
  • in adults causes?
A

RBC destruc -> hydrops fetalis and death

- pure RBC aplasia, RA-like sx

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18
Q

Papillomavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, dsDNA, circular, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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19
Q

Polyomavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, dsDNA, circular, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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20
Q

Polyomavirus:

- 2 viruses?

A
  • JC virus -> PML in HIV

- BK virus -> transplant pts, kidney dz

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21
Q

Poxvirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

env’d, dsDNA, linear, complex shape, rep’s in cytopl (bc is biggest DNA virus)

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22
Q

CMV =

  • latent in?
  • causes?
A

HHV-5

  • mononuc cells
  • congenital infec, mononucleosis (neg Monospot), pneumo, retinitis
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23
Q

Roseola

  • caused by?
  • sx?
  • usu in who?
A

HHV-6

  • erythematous macules on soft palate 48hrs before rash -> high F xd’s that can cause seizures -> diffuse macular rash
  • infants
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24
Q

Herpes labialis presents as?

Herpes genitalis presents as?

A
  • grouped/confluent vesicles w/ red rim

- ulcerating vesicles

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25
Dx HSV by?
``` PCR Tzanck test (multinuc'd giant cells) See intranuc Cowdry A inclusions ```
26
4 sx of EBV mono?
F HSM pharyngitis lymphadenopathy (esp post cervical LNs)
27
Reovirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
no env, dsRNA, linear, 10-12 seg's, icosahedral (2x) | Coltivirus (arbov.) and Rotavirus
28
Picornavirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
no env, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral "PERCH" little one - Polio, Echo, Rhino, Coxsackie, HAV
29
Hepevirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
no env, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral | HEV
30
Calicivirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
no env, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral | Norovirus
31
Flavivirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral HCV, Yellow F, Dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile virus (all but HCV are arbov's)
32
Togavirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral | Rubella, E/W equine encephalitis (arbov.)
33
Retrovirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, HTLV is complex, HIV is conical
34
Coronavirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, helical | Coronavirus and SARS
35
Orthomyxovirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, linear, 8 seg's, helical | Influenza virus
36
Paramyxovirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, linear, nonseg'd, helical "PaRaMyxo" Parainfluenza, RSV, Measles/Mumps
37
Rhabdovirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, linear, 1seg, helical | Rabies
38
Filovirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, linear, 1seg, helical | Ebola/Marburg hemorrhagic F
39
Arenavirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, circular, 2 seg's, helical LCMV (lymphocytic choriomeningitis v.) Lassa fever encephalitis (via mice)
40
Bunyavirus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, circular, 3 seg's, helical CA enceph, Sandfly/Rift Valley F's, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic F, Hantavirus (hemorrhagic F, pneumo) [all above except Hantav. are arbov's]
41
Delta virus: | env'd? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?
env'd, ss(-)RNA, circula, 1 seg, uncertain shape | HDV (defective virus, needs HBV for co-infec)
42
Coltivirus =
Reovirus, causes Colorado tick F
43
Echovirus =
Picornavirus, causes aseptic meningitis
44
Coxsackievirus =
Picornavirus, causes aseptic meningitis, herpangina (mouth blisters, F), hand/foot/mouth dz, myocarditis
45
LCMV and Lassa fever encephalitis are what type of virus?
Arenaviruses
46
CA encephalitis is what type of virus?
Bunyavirus
47
Sandfly/Rift Valley fever is what type of virus?
Bunyavirus
48
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is what type of virus?
Bunyavirus
49
Hantavirus is what type of virus?
Bunyavirus
50
``` 7 ss(-)RNA viruses? All do/don't have env? All are what shape? ```
BOA F PR Bunyavirus, Orthomyxobirus, Arenavirus, Flavivirus, Paramyxovirus, Rhabdovirus - env'd bc carry own RNA-dep RNAP - helical
51
4 seg'd viruses?
BOAR Bunyavirus, Orthomyxovirus, Arenavirus, Reovirus 3, 8, 2, 10-12
52
Picornaviruses are? - transmission? - all except 2 can cause?
PERCH little one Poliovirus, Echovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsackievirus, HAV - F/O except rhino (thus are enteroviruses) bc is acid-labile so killed in stomach - aseptic meningitis (not rhino nor HAV)
53
Yellow fever = - transmitted by? - sx?
Flavivirus - Aedes mosquitoes - high F, blk V, jaundice
54
Rubella virus = | - sx?
Togavirus, aka German 3d measles - RubelLA (rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis) F, postauricular adenopathy, lymphadenopathy, arthralgias, fine non-confluent truncal rash that starts at head and moves down (spares hands and feet vs. measles which doesn't); see Forchheimer's spots on post palate at start of rash
55
Congenital rubella presents as?
3: PDA + cataracts + deafness +/- "blueberry muffin" rash Also: sm head, retard, pulm stenosis (head, eyes, ears, heart)
56
Paramyxoviruses are? | All have what pr?
PaRaMyxo = Parainfluenza, RSV, Measles/Mumps - surface F (fusion) pr -> causes resp epi cells to fuse and form multinuc'd cells (mAb to this, Palivizumab, prevents RSV pneumo in premature infants)
57
Viruses that cause polyarthritis in adults?
Rubella (arthralgias) | Parvovirus (RA-like sx)
58
Rubeola, aka? - caused by? - sx? - sequelae?
Measles - Measles virus - Koplik spots (red w/ blue/white center) on buccal mucosa 1-2d before rash, descending maculopap rash (can be confluent), inc's hands/feet (unlike rubella) - subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, encephalitis, giant cell pneumo
59
``` Confluent rash? Non-confluent rash? Koplik spots? when and where Forchheimer's spots? when and where Rash w/ seizures? ```
Rubeola (Measles virus) Rubella Rubeola/Measles (on buccal mucosa 1-2d before rash) Rubella (on palate at start of rash) Roseola (HHV-6), red macules on palate 48hrs before rash
60
3 C's of Measles = Virus is aka? - occurs when?
``` Rubeola: Cough Coryza (runny nose) Conjunctivitis - before rash (also blue-white Koplik spots on buccal mucosa) ```
61
Mumps = | causes?
Paramyxovirus | - POMpoms = Parotitis, Orchitis (inflamm of testes), aseptic Meningitis
62
HIV genes: - Env = - Gag = - Pol = - p17 =
- gp160 cleaved to gp120+gp41; 120 for attachment to CD4 Tcell, 41 is transmem pr for fusion and entry - p24=capsid pr, contains 2 molec's of RNA - RT, aspartate protease and integrase - matrix pr
63
HIV binds what on T cells and on Mphage?
T cells: CCR5 early, or CXCR4 late coR + CD4 | Mphage: CCR5 + CD4
64
AIDS infec's: | CD4 <50?
- Candida oral thrush - Cryptosporidium D, JC react'n and PML, PCP - Histo w/ HSM and tongue ulcer, Candida eso thrush, T. gondii brain abscesses, - Cryoptococcus meningitis, CMV retinitis, MAC
65
Congenital CMV presents as?
Hearing loss, seizures, petechial rash, "blueberry muffin" rash (like w/ rubella)

First Aid Diseases (16 decks)

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