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First Aid Diseases > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Live attenuated vaccines? (6)

A 
Smallpox
Yellow f.
chicken pox (VZV)
Sabin's polio vaccine
MMR
Influenza (intranasal)
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2
Q

Killed vaccines? (4)

A 
"RIP Always"
Rabies
Influenza (injected)
Salk Polio
HAV
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3
Q

Recombinant vaccine? (2)

A

HBV (recombinant HBsAg)

HPV (types 6, 11, 16, 18)

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4
Q

DNA viruses:

  • Only ssDNA? (rest are dsDNA)
  • 3 circulate? (rest are linear)
A
  • Parvoviridea (part-of-a-virus)

- Papilloma-, polyoma-, hepadnaviruses

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5
Q

RNA viruses:

  • Only dsRNA? (rest are ssRNA)
  • (+) stranded RNA viruses? (7)
A
  • Reoviridae (REpeat-O)

- Retrov., togav., flaviv., coronav., hepev., caliciv., picornav.

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6
Q

All viruses are haploid except?

A

Retroviruses, have 2 identical ssRNA (+) molec’s

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7
Q

Naked DNA viruses?

Naked RNA viruses?

A
  • PAPP = Papilloma, Adeno, Picorna, Polyoma

- CPR and hepevirus = Calci, Parvo, Reo, Hepevirus

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8
Q

Only env’d virus to get env from nuc mem instead of pl mem?

A

Herpesvirus

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9
Q

DNA viruses (7)

  • strands are?
  • DNA shape is?
  • capsule shape is?
  • rep where?
A 
HHAPPPPy (usu ds, linear, icosahedral, rep in nuc)
Hepadna (circular, incomplete)
Herpes
Adeno
Pox (complex shape) (rep's in cytopl)
Parvo (ss-)
Papilloma (circular, supercoiled)
Polyoma (circular, supercoiled)
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10
Q

Herpesviruses:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

env’d, dsDNA, linear, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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11
Q

HHV-3 =

  • 4 =
  • 5 =
  • 6 =
  • 7 =
  • 8 =
A 
3=VZV
4=EBV
5=CMV
6=roseola
7=less common cause of roseola
8=Kaposi's
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12
Q

Hepadnavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

env’d, dsDNA, partially circular, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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13
Q

Which virus is not a retrovirus but still has RT?

A

HBV

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14
Q

Adenovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, dsDNA, linear, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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15
Q

Adenovirus causes?

A

Febrile pharyngitis (sore throat, acute hemorrhagic cystitis)
Pneumo
Pink eye

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16
Q

Parvovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, ssDNA, linear (-), icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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17
Q

Parvovirus

  • in fetus causes?
  • in adults causes?
A

RBC destruc -> hydrops fetalis and death

- pure RBC aplasia, RA-like sx

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18
Q

Papillomavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, dsDNA, circular, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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19
Q

Polyomavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

not env’d, dsDNA, circular, icosahedral, rep’s in nuc

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20
Q

Polyomavirus:

- 2 viruses?

A
  • JC virus -> PML in HIV

- BK virus -> transplant pts, kidney dz

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21
Q

Poxvirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? shape of virus? rep’s in?

A

env’d, dsDNA, linear, complex shape, rep’s in cytopl (bc is biggest DNA virus)

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22
Q

CMV =

  • latent in?
  • causes?
A

HHV-5

  • mononuc cells
  • congenital infec, mononucleosis (neg Monospot), pneumo, retinitis
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23
Q

Roseola

  • caused by?
  • sx?
  • usu in who?
A

HHV-6

  • erythematous macules on soft palate 48hrs before rash -> high F xd’s that can cause seizures -> diffuse macular rash
  • infants
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24
Q

Herpes labialis presents as?

Herpes genitalis presents as?

A
  • grouped/confluent vesicles w/ red rim

- ulcerating vesicles

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25
Q

Dx HSV by?

A 
PCR
Tzanck test (multinuc'd giant cells)
See intranuc Cowdry A inclusions
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26
Q

4 sx of EBV mono?

A

F
HSM
pharyngitis
lymphadenopathy (esp post cervical LNs)

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27
Q

Reovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

no env, dsRNA, linear, 10-12 seg’s, icosahedral (2x)

Coltivirus (arbov.) and Rotavirus

28
Q

Picornavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

no env, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral
“PERCH” little one
- Polio, Echo, Rhino, Coxsackie, HAV

29
Q

Hepevirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

no env, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral

HEV

30
Q

Calicivirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

no env, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral

Norovirus

31
Q

Flavivirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral
HCV, Yellow F, Dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile virus
(all but HCV are arbov’s)

32
Q

Togavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, icosahedral

Rubella, E/W equine encephalitis (arbov.)

33
Q

Retrovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, HTLV is complex, HIV is conical

34
Q

Coronavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(+)RNA, linear, 1seg, helical

Coronavirus and SARS

35
Q

Orthomyxovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, linear, 8 seg’s, helical

Influenza virus

36
Q

Paramyxovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, linear, nonseg’d, helical
“PaRaMyxo”
Parainfluenza, RSV, Measles/Mumps

37
Q

Rhabdovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, linear, 1seg, helical

Rabies

38
Q

Filovirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, linear, 1seg, helical

Ebola/Marburg hemorrhagic F

39
Q

Arenavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, circular, 2 seg’s, helical
LCMV (lymphocytic choriomeningitis v.)
Lassa fever encephalitis (via mice)

40
Q

Bunyavirus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, circular, 3 seg’s, helical
CA enceph, Sandfly/Rift Valley F’s, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic F, Hantavirus (hemorrhagic F, pneumo)
[all above except Hantav. are arbov’s]

41
Q

Delta virus:

env’d? genome? shape of genome? segments? shape of virus? causes?

A

env’d, ss(-)RNA, circula, 1 seg, uncertain shape

HDV (defective virus, needs HBV for co-infec)

42
Q

Coltivirus =

A

Reovirus, causes Colorado tick F

43
Q

Echovirus =

A

Picornavirus, causes aseptic meningitis

44
Q

Coxsackievirus =

A

Picornavirus, causes aseptic meningitis, herpangina (mouth blisters, F), hand/foot/mouth dz, myocarditis

45
Q

LCMV and Lassa fever encephalitis are what type of virus?

A

Arenaviruses

46
Q

CA encephalitis is what type of virus?

A

Bunyavirus

47
Q

Sandfly/Rift Valley fever is what type of virus?

A

Bunyavirus

48
Q

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is what type of virus?

A

Bunyavirus

49
Q

Hantavirus is what type of virus?

A

Bunyavirus

50
Q 
7 ss(-)RNA viruses?
All do/don't have env?  All are what shape?
A

BOA F PR
Bunyavirus, Orthomyxobirus, Arenavirus, Flavivirus, Paramyxovirus, Rhabdovirus
- env’d bc carry own RNA-dep RNAP
- helical

51
Q

4 seg’d viruses?

A

BOAR
Bunyavirus, Orthomyxovirus, Arenavirus, Reovirus
3, 8, 2, 10-12

52
Q

Picornaviruses are?

  • transmission?
  • all except 2 can cause?
A

PERCH little one
Poliovirus, Echovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsackievirus, HAV
- F/O except rhino (thus are enteroviruses) bc is acid-labile so killed in stomach
- aseptic meningitis (not rhino nor HAV)

53
Q

Yellow fever =

  • transmitted by?
  • sx?
A

Flavivirus

  • Aedes mosquitoes
  • high F, blk V, jaundice
54
Q

Rubella virus =

- sx?

A

Togavirus, aka German 3d measles
- RubelLA (rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis) F, postauricular adenopathy, lymphadenopathy, arthralgias, fine non-confluent truncal rash that starts at head and moves down (spares hands and feet vs. measles which doesn’t); see Forchheimer’s spots on post palate at start of rash

55
Q

Congenital rubella presents as?

A

3: PDA + cataracts + deafness +/- “blueberry muffin” rash
Also: sm head, retard, pulm stenosis (head, eyes, ears, heart)

56
Q

Paramyxoviruses are?

All have what pr?

A

PaRaMyxo = Parainfluenza, RSV, Measles/Mumps
- surface F (fusion) pr -> causes resp epi cells to fuse and form multinuc’d cells (mAb to this, Palivizumab, prevents RSV pneumo in premature infants)

57
Q

Viruses that cause polyarthritis in adults?

A

Rubella (arthralgias)

Parvovirus (RA-like sx)

58
Q

Rubeola, aka?

  • caused by?
  • sx?
  • sequelae?
A

Measles

  • Measles virus
  • Koplik spots (red w/ blue/white center) on buccal mucosa 1-2d before rash, descending maculopap rash (can be confluent), inc’s hands/feet (unlike rubella)
  • subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, encephalitis, giant cell pneumo
59
Q 
Confluent rash?
Non-confluent rash?
Koplik spots? when and where
Forchheimer's spots? when and where
Rash w/ seizures?
A

Rubeola (Measles virus)
Rubella
Rubeola/Measles (on buccal mucosa 1-2d before rash)
Rubella (on palate at start of rash)
Roseola (HHV-6), red macules on palate 48hrs before rash

60
Q

3 C’s of Measles =
Virus is aka?
- occurs when?

A 
Rubeola:
Cough
Coryza (runny nose)
Conjunctivitis 
- before rash (also blue-white Koplik spots on buccal mucosa)
61
Q

Mumps =

causes?

A

Paramyxovirus

- POMpoms = Parotitis, Orchitis (inflamm of testes), aseptic Meningitis

62
Q

HIV genes:

  • Env =
  • Gag =
  • Pol =
  • p17 =
A
  • gp160 cleaved to gp120+gp41; 120 for attachment to CD4 Tcell, 41 is transmem pr for fusion and entry
  • p24=capsid pr, contains 2 molec’s of RNA
  • RT, aspartate protease and integrase
  • matrix pr
63
Q

HIV binds what on T cells and on Mphage?

A

T cells: CCR5 early, or CXCR4 late coR + CD4

Mphage: CCR5 + CD4

64
Q

AIDS infec’s:

CD4 <50?

A
  • Candida oral thrush
  • Cryptosporidium D, JC react’n and PML, PCP
  • Histo w/ HSM and tongue ulcer, Candida eso thrush, T. gondii brain abscesses,
  • Cryoptococcus meningitis, CMV retinitis, MAC
65
Q

Congenital CMV presents as?

A

Hearing loss, seizures, petechial rash, “blueberry muffin” rash (like w/ rubella)

First Aid Diseases (16 decks)

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