virus ADN Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q
A
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3
Q

What is the clinical presentation of Mouse Parvovirus (MPV, MVM)?

A

Absence of clinical signs. MVM is a self-limiting infection.

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4
Q

What are the key prevention strategies for Mouse Parvovirus (MPV, MVM)?

A

Control of vermin, quarantine, irradiated or autoclaved food if possible, PCR testing of biological products before administration to mice.

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5
Q

What methods can be used for eradication of Mouse Parvovirus (MPV, MVM)?

A

Re-derivations by hysterectomy or embryo transfer.

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6
Q

What actions should be taken in case of Mouse Parvovirus (MPV, MVM) infection?

A

Depopulation and decontamination.

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7
Q

How does Mouse Parvovirus (MPV, MVM) interfere with research?

A

It can disrupt the immune system, so infected mice should not participate in immunology projects.

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8
Q

What is Chapparvovirus murin (MuCPV)?

A

A new virus that causes renal disease only reported in immunodeficient adult models

This virus is a recent discovery in the field of virology.

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9
Q

What is the clinical presentation of MuCPV?

A

Renal disease chez des modèles immunodéficients adultes that can lead to kidney failure with morbidity and mortality

The disease severity varies based on the host’s immune status.

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10
Q

What aspects of MuCPV are currently under study?

A

Prevention, treatment, and interference with ongoing research

Research is critical to understand the virus’s impact and develop effective strategies.

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11
Q

True or False: MuCPV has been reported in healthy adults.

A

False

The virus is specifically linked to immunodeficient adult models.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: MuCPV can lead to _______ with significant health consequences.

A

kidney failure

Kidney failure can result in severe health issues and complications.

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with natural infection of parvovirus in naive rats?

A

Possible clinical signs include:
* Hémorragies scrotales
* ↓ Gras corporel
* Congestion des ganglions lymphatiques

These signs are specific to rats that have not been previously exposed to the virus.

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15
Q

What is a possible consequence of transplacental transmission of parvovirus in rats?

A

Infertility and fœtal resorption

This indicates that the virus can impact reproductive success in infected rats.

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16
Q

What is a key preventive measure against parvovirus in rats?

A

Control de vermine, quarantaine, test PCR des produits biologiques avant administration aux souris

These measures help prevent the spread of the virus in laboratory settings.

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17
Q

What are the methods for eradication of parvovirus in infected populations?

A

Redérivations par hystérectomie ou transfert d’embryons, dépopulation et décontamination

These methods aim to eliminate the virus from affected populations.

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18
Q

How does parvovirus du rat interfere with research?

A

Can affect the immune system and induce hépatocellulaire necrosis in animals with existing liver issues + affecte étude sur le développement fetal

This interference can compromise the validity of research findings.

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19
Q

What systems can be negatively affected by parvovirus infection during fetal development? (autre raison pourquoi interfère avec la recherche)

A

Various systems including:
* Système nerveux
* Système gastrointestinal
* Système lymphatique
* Système hématopoiétique
* Système reproducteur

The impact on these systems highlights the importance of preventing infection during critical developmental periods.

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20
Q

Ectromélie ( virus Pox) SC et phase

A
  • Inflammation et nécrose des extremités ( pattes, queue, oreilles)
  • 2 phases:
    -1e virémie et multiplication a/n rate, foie → nécroses en bandes hachurées à la rate
    -2e virémie a/n peau → lésions cutanées (hypertrophie du membre et nécrose s’en suit)
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21
Q

Qu’est-ce qu’un protozoaire?

A

Un protozoaire est un organisme unicellulaire qui peut occasionner des diarrhées.

Les protozoaires sont souvent associés à des infections intestinales chez les animaux.

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22
Q

Comment les protozoaires peuvent-ils être observés?

A

Ils peuvent être vus à l’histopathologie ou au frottis direct.

Ces méthodes permettent d’examiner les tissus ou les échantillons pour détecter la présence de protozoaires.

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23
Q

Donnez un exemple de protozoaire et son effet sur l’intestin.

A

Exemples: Cryptosporidium muris, Spironucleus muris, Giardia.

  • Cryptosporidium muris affecte les cryptes intestinales.
  • Giardia affecte l’apex des villosités.
24
Q

Les protozoaires sont-ils toujours symptomatiques chez les animaux?

A

Non, les animaux peuvent être porteurs asymptomatiques.

Cela signifie qu’ils peuvent transmettre le protozoaire sans montrer de symptômes.

25
Q

Vrai ou Faux: Les protozoaires ne causent jamais de diarrhées.

A

Faux.

Les protozoaires peuvent occasionner des diarrhées chez les animaux.

26
Q

Comment on diagnose les nématodes suivantes: Syphacia sp. et aspicularis tetraptera ?

A
  • Syphacia spp. : banana shaped eggs, cecal contents for adults, fecal exam not reliable
  • Aspicularis tetraptera: examen fecal, adulte dans le grand intestin, pas dans le cecum ( habituellement asymptomatique)
27
Q

Comment fait on la différence entre les cestodes hymenolepis nana et Hymenolepis diminuta ?

A
  • Nana = filaments polaires aux 2 extrémités et zoonose
  • Requiert un vecteur = rare en labo
28
Q

,Que sont les parasites suivant: Radfordia affinis, Myocoptes musculinus, myobia musculi et comment les diagnostique t’on + traitement?

A
  • Ectoparasites
  • Diagnostic:
  • Papier collant sur les plaies ( en périphérie) ou les zones d’alopécie + identification ou microscope optique ( mites ou oeufs adhérés sur poils)
  • Traitement: Ivermectin
29
Q

Type de tumeurs de glande mammaires de la souris?

A
  • Adénome ( fibroadénome), adénocarcinome
30
Q

SC de tumeurs de la glande pituitaire chez les rats

A
  • Incoordiation, tête penchée
31
Q

Traitements dermatite

A
  • Argile verte
  • Taille de griffes
  • Chlorhexidine/proviodine topique
  • Ivermectin (mites)
  • Vitamine E
  • Enlever la litière (remplacer par litière de papier)
32
Q

Traitement pododermatite

A
  • Changement de litière
  • Hydrothérapie
  • Argile verte topique
  • Bandage
33
Q

What type of diet is recommended for mice with malocclusion?

A

Soft food options such as:
* Croquettes mouillés
* Diète en gel

These diets help in easier consumption for mice with dental issues.

34
Q

What should be done if a mouse is dehydrated upon discovery?

A

Provide hydration to the mouse

Dehydration can complicate health issues, including malocclusion.

35
Q

Are breeding mice typically kept within the same colony if they have malocclusion?

A

No, breeding mice will normally not be kept within the colony

This is to maintain the health and genetics of the colony.

36
Q

Fill in the blank: Mice with malocclusion require _______ food options for easier eating.

37
Q

What is the main concern for mice with malocclusion regarding their diet?

A

The need for food that is easy to eat

This is crucial to ensure they can maintain nutrition despite dental issues.

38
Q

What is the management approach for a prolapse rectal less than 2 mm?

A

Suivre la progression

This means to monitor the condition without immediate intervention.

39
Q

For a prolapse rectal measuring between 2 mm and 7 mm, what is the recommended treatment?

A

Repousser le tissu avec un coton-tige humide vers l’intérieur, colle chirurgicale sur l’anus

This involves using a moist cotton swab to push the tissue back in and applying surgical glue to the anus.

40
Q

What symptoms indicate a prolapse rectal greater than 7 mm?

A

Apparence rouge, noirâtre, saignements

These symptoms may indicate severe complications and could lead to euthanasia.

41
Q

True or False: A prolapse rectal of 2 mm requires immediate surgical intervention.

A

False

This condition requires monitoring rather than immediate surgery.

42
Q

Fill in the blank: For a prolapse rectal measuring _______ mm, apply surgical glue on the anus.

A

2-7

This treatment is specific for prolapse rectal in this size range.

43
Q

Traitement abcès glande prépuciale

A
  • Auto-limitant
  • Drainer au besoin
45
Q

What is the treatment for conjunctivitis?

A

Lavage au salin, application d’onguent antibiotique TID. Traitement topique pour 3 jours allant jusqu’à 2 semaines.

TID signifie trois fois par jour.

46
Q

What is a possible treatment for severe cases of conjunctivitis?

A

Énucléation possible

L’énucléation est l’ablation chirurgicale de l’œil.

47
Q

How can one test for the presence of ulcers in the eye?

A

Tester avec fluorescéine

La fluorescéine est un colorant utilisé pour détecter les ulcères cornéens.

48
Q

What should be done if an ulcer is present?

A

Traitement laborieux

Cela peut impliquer des soins médicaux intensifs et prolongés.

49
Q

Quelle est une cause fréquente de tête penchée chez la souris et le rat ?

A

Otite bactérienne ( Pasteurella, Pseudeumonas, Mycoplasme)

50
Q

Quelle est une autre cause fréquente de tête penchée chez la souris ?

A

Artérite des vaisseaux entourant les canaux semi-circulaires

Cette condition affecte la circulation sanguine dans les zones critiques pour l’équilibre.

51
Q

Quelle est une cause de tête penchée chez le rat ?

A

Néoplasie (tumeur de la glande pituitaire)

Les tumeurs peuvent affecter l’équilibre et la posture.

52
Q

Quel traitement peut être utilisé pour la tête penchée due à une otite bactérienne ?

A

Antibiotiques

Le choix de l’antibiotique dépend de l’agent pathogène identifié.

53
Q

Le traitement de la tête penchée dépend de _______.

A

[la cause]

Il est crucial de diagnostiquer correctement la condition sous-jacente.

54
Q

Quelle option peut être envisagée si le traitement n’est pas efficace ?

A

Euthanasie

Cela peut être considéré dans les cas de souffrance inacceptable ou de maladies incurables.

55
Q

Hydrocéphalie

A
  • Pronostic sombre et euthanasie
56
Q

Comment on traite. une dystocie?

A
  • Calcium/oxytocine euthanasie si la condition perdure( + de 24h)
  • Césarienne