Virtual Day 1 & Simulation Day 1

Question 1

Dyspnea

Answer 1

Difficulty breathing; Labored breathing

Question 2

Orthopnea

Answer 2

Shortness of breath when laying down or reclined but is usually resolved by sitting up or standing

Question 3

Pruritus

Answer 3

Itchy skin

Question 4

Bronchospasm

Answer 4

Wheezing

(Tightening of the smooth muscles of the bronchi leading to wheezing, coughing, fatigue, and tightness/chest pain)

Question 5

Lung Consolidation

Answer 5

When the air that usually fills the small airways in your lungs is replaced with something else…
(The air may be replaced with a fluid: such as pus, blood, or water)

Question 6

Egophony (E to A)

Answer 6

When lungs are ascultated, “e” sounds are heard as “a”

EXTRA INFO: This is heard over an area of consolidation and is due to enhanced transmission of high-frequency sound across fluid

Question 7

Laryngeal Edema

Answer 7

Edema in the larynx

(Usually due to an infection or an allergic reaction)

Question 8

Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

Answer 8

Pneumonia acquired outside the hospital or within less than 48 hours of hospital admission

Question 9

Health-Care Associated Pneumonia (HCAP)

Answer 9

Pneumonia that develops in a patient outside the hospital but who has had extensive contact with the health care setting

EXTRA INFO: HCAP is similar to CAP in the fact that it occurs outside the hospital. When pneumonia is associated with health care risk factors (prior hospitalization, dialysis, residing in a nursing home, immunocompromised state), it is now more appropriately classified as a health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP)

https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AAC.00851-07 (Source)

Question 10

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)

Answer 10

Pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after hospital admission

Question 11

A term used interhangeably with Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) is…

Answer 11

Nosocomial Pneumonia

Question 12

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP)

Answer 12

A type of HAP that occurs 48 hours after intubation

Question 13

Identify the lung sound on the MP3
Also mention whether it is Inspiratory or Expiratory

Answer 13

Wheezing on expiration (Expiratory Wheezing)

Question 14

Describe “wheezing”

Answer 14

High pitched, musical, adventitious sound produced when air travels through narrow or compressed small airways (Usually the lower airway)

Question 15

Describe “stridor”

Answer 15

High pitched (less musical than wheezing), turbulent sound produced by an upper airway obstruction or air passing through a narrowed upper airway

Question 16

S/S of Pneumonia (4)

Answer 16

1. Fatigue
2. Fever
3. Dyspnea
4. Orthopnea

Question 17

What are the initial s/s of a patient in respiratory distress (3)?

Answer 17

1. Dyspnea
2. Hypoxemia
3. Tachypnea

Question 18

Mild systematic reactions of a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction consists of (8):

Answer 18

1. Peripheral tingling
2. Warmth
3. A sensation of fullness in the mouth and throat
4. Nasal congestion
5. Peri-orbital swelling
6. Pruritus
7. Sneezing
8. Tearing of the eyes

Question 19

Moderate systematic reactions of a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction consists of (2):

Answer 19

1. Flushing
2. Anxiety
3. All symptoms of a mild reaction

Question 20

Severe systematic reactions of a patient experiencing an anaphylactic reaction consists of (11):

Answer 20

1. Bronchospasm
2. Laryngeal edema
3. Severe dyspnea
4. Cyanosis
5. Hypotension
6. Dysphagia
7. Abdominal Cramping
8. Vomiting
9. Diarrhea
10. Seizures can also occur
11. Cardiac arrest and coma may follow

Question 21

What is the priority action by a nurse when a patient experiences sudden respiratory distress?

Answer 21

Assess the airway

(Airway, Breathing, Circulation/ABCs)

Question 22

What risk factor can the nurse recognize that Kenneth Bronson had r/t pneumonia?

Answer 22

Smoking

Question 23

What is the most common cause of anaphylaxis?

Answer 23

Penicillin

Question 24

Acetaminophen is…

Answer 24

Nonopioid analgesic and antipyretic

This medication is used to reduce fever and treat mild to moderate pain

Question 25

Ceftriaxone is…

Answer 25

Cephalosporin antibiotic
Used to treat bacterial infections such as pneumonia

Question 26

Diphenhydramine is…

Answer 26

Antihistamine
Used to reduce symptoms of allergy such as sneezing, itching, watery eyes, hives, skin rash, and runny nose

Question 27

Epinephrine is…

Answer 27

Alpha and Beta agonist (Sympathomimetic agent)
Used to treat severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis

Question 28

Methylprednisolone is…

Answer 28

Corticosteroids
Used to treat inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis and other conditions that affect skin, eyes, lungs, stomach, nervous system, or blood cells

Question 29

Ranitidine is…

Answer 29

Histamine-2 blockers
Used to reduce the amount of acid your stomach produces

Question 30

The nurse should include which statement when providing education once the patient is first stabilized after an anaphylactic reaction?

Answer 30

“You will be closely monitored since there is a chance of a delayed reaction”

Risk for “rebound” or delayed immune reaction. Patients who have experienced an anaphylactic reaction should receive a prescription for preloaded syringes of epi.