Virology Exam 3c

Question 1

What do antiviral drugs target?

Answer 1

• specific steps of virus replication

- prevent attachment and entry of virions

Question 2

capsid-binding durgs

Answer 2

block attachment or entry and therefore subsequent steps of replication

Question 3

pleconaril

Answer 3

blocks many picornaviruses

Question 4

enfuvirtide

Answer 4

binds to HIV-1

Question 5

amantadine

Answer 5

blocks ion channels and inhibits uncoating of influenza virions

Question 6

nuecleoside analogues

Answer 6

target viral DNA polymerases

- must be specific to keep toxicity low

Question 7

acyclovir

Answer 7

preferentially incorporated by herpesvirus DNA polymerase
- modified nucleoside, needs to be phosphorylated by VIRAL kinase first, then cell can add other 2 phosphates. This makes it so that it is selective for cells that are infected with the virus, and does not harm other cells.

Question 8

neuraminidase

Answer 8

inhibitor that releases and spread influenza virus

• virus attaches to cellular sialic acid present on glycoproteins and gangliosides
• drugs cleave sialic acid and release virus

Question 9

which drugs cleave sialic acid?

Answer 9

• zanamivir

- oseltamivir