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Microbiology > Virology > Flashcards

Virology Flashcards

1
Q

Mnemonic-Naked Viruses

A

NAKED CPR and PAPP smear
Calici
Picorna
Reo

Parvo
Adeno
Papilloma
Polyoma

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2
Q

Mnemonic-Segmented Genome

A 
B-O-A-R
Bunyaviruses
Orthomyxoviruses (influenza)
Arenaviruses
Reoviruses
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3
Q

Mnemonic-Negative-Strand RNA Viruses

A 
Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication.
Arenaviruses
Bunyaviruses
Paramyxoviruses
Orthomyxoviruses
Filoviruses
Rhabdoviruses
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4
Q

Mnemonic-Live-Attenuated Vaccines

A

LIVE! One night only!
See your yellow chickens get vaccinated with Sabin’s and MMR
yellow fever, chicken fox (VZV), Sabin’s Polio,MMR

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5
Q

Mnemonics - Salk Polio Vaccine

A

SalK polio vaccine = Killed

Killed Vaccines
RIP Always!
Rabies
Influeza
Polio (Salk's)
Hepatitis A
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6
Q

Mnemonics-DNA Viruses

A 
DNA Viruses are HHAPPPPy viruses
Hepadna
Herpes
Adeno
Pox
Parvo
Polyoma
Papilloma
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7
Q

All DNA viruses have doubled-stranded DNA EXCEPT

A

Parvovirus

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8
Q

All DNA virus have linear DNA EXCEPT

A

Papilloma
Polyoma and
Hepadna

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9
Q

All DNA viruses are icosahedral EXCEPT

A

Poxvirus

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10
Q

All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus EXCEPT

A

Poxvirus

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11
Q

Parvovirus B19 is

A

MOT: respiratory transplacental
Oncogenic: No
Vaccine: No

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12
Q

Adenovirus is

A

MOT: respiratory, fecal-oral
Oncogenic: No
Vaccine: Yes

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13
Q

Human Papillomavirus is

A

MOT: sexual, skin contact
Oncogenic: Yes
Vaccine: Yes

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14
Q

What is the manifestation and route of transmission of HSV-1?

A

Primary Infection: Stomatitis

Recurrent Infection: Herpes labialis, encephalitis

Route of Transmission: Secretions and saliva

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15
Q

What is the manifestation and route of transmission of HSV-2?

A

Primary Infection: Herpes genitalis, perinatal infection

Recurrent Infection: Herpes genitalis

Route of Transmission: Sexual, Perinatal Infection

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16
Q

What is the manifestation and route of transmission of VZV?

A

Primary Infection: Varicella

Recurrent Infection: Zoster

Route of Transmission: Via respiratory secretions

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17
Q

What is the manifestation and route of transmission of EBV?

A

Primary Infection: Infectious Mononucleosis

Recurrent Infection: None

Route of Transmission: Via respiratory secretions and Saliva

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18
Q

What is the manifestation and route of transmission of CMV?

A

Primary Infection: Congenital, Mononucleosis

Recurrent Infection:Asymptomatic shedding

Route of Transmission: Intrauterine, transfusions, sexual contact, secretions

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19
Q

What is the manifestation and route of transmission of HHV-8?

A

Primary Infection: Uncertain

Recurrent Infection: Kaposi’s sarcoma

Route of Transmission: Sexual or organ transplantation

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20
Q

Mnemonics-Herpesviruses

A 
Get HERPES on a CHEVrolet!
CMV
HSV
EBV
VZV
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21
Q

Where is the site of latency for HSV-1 and HSV-2?

A

HSV-1 Trigeminal ganglia

HSV-2 Lumbosacral ganglia

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22
Q

Mnemonic-Tzanck Smear

A

Tzanck heavens I do not have herpes!

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23
Q

Uses of aspirin in pediatric diseases

A

Kawasaki
ARF
JRA

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24
Q

Mnemonics-Hepatitides

A

Hepatitis A = Asymptomatic
Hepatitis B = Blood-borne
Hepatitis C = Chronic, Cirrhosis, Carcinoma, Carriers
Hepatitis E = Enteric, Expectant mothers, Epidemics

The VOWELS (A and E) hit your BOWELS.
Hepatitis A and E cause enteric infections.
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25
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

INCUBATION PERIOD

A

HBsAG: Positive
Anti-HBs: Negative
Anti-HBc: Negative
HBeAg: Positive

26
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

ACUTE INFECTION

A

HBsAG: Positive
Anti-HBs: Negative
Anti-HBc: Positive IgM
HBeAg: Positive

27
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

WINDOW PERIOD

A

HBsAG: Negative
Anti-HBs: Negative
Anti-HBc: Positive IgM
HBeAg: Negative

28
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

COMPLETE RECOVERY

A

HBsAG: Negative
Anti-HBs: Positive
Anti-HBc: Positive IgG
HBeAg: Negative

29
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

CHRONIC CARRIER

A

HBsAG: Positive
Anti-HBs: Negative
Anti-HBc: Positive IgG
HBeAg: Negative

30
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

CHRONIC ACTIVE

A

HBsAG: Positive
Anti-HBs: Negative
Anti-HBc: Positive IgG
HBeAg: Positive

31
Q

Hepatitis B Profile

VACCINATED

A

HBsAG: Negative
Anti-HBs: Positive
Anti-HBc: Negative
HBeAg: Negative

32
Q

Mnemonics-RNA Viruses

A

I went to a RETRO TOGA party, where I drank FLAVored CORONA beer and ate HIPPY CALIfornia PICkles.
RETROvirus, TOGAvirus, FLAVivirus, CORONAvirus, HEPEvirus, CALIcivirus, PICornavirus

33
Q

All RNA viruses have single-stranded DNA EXCEPT

A

Reovirus and Rotavirus

34
Q

All DNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm EXCEPT

A

Influenza and Retrovirus

35
Q

Mnemonics-Picornaviridae

A 
PERCHed on a PIC (peak).
Poliovirus
Echovirus
Rhinovirus
Coxsackievirus
Hepatis A virus
PICornaviridae
36
Q

Mnemonic-Rhinovirus

A

RHINO has a runny nose.

37
Q

Mnemonic-Rotavirus

A

Right Out The Anus

ROTAvirus causes diarrhea!

38
Q

Mnemonics-Antigenic Shifts VS Drifts

A

Sudden Shift is more deadly than graDual Drift.
antigenic Shifts cause PANDEMICS
antigenic Drifts cause EPIDEMICS

39
Q

Mnemonic-Paramyxoviruses

A 
PaRaMyxoviruses
Parainfluenza virus
RSV
Measles virus
Mumps virus
40
Q

Envelope Spikes

MEASLES

A

Hemagglutinin: +
Neuraminidase: -
Fusion Protein: +

41
Q

Envelope Spikes

MUPMS

A

Hemagglutinin: +
Neuraminidase: +
Fusion Protein: +

42
Q

Envelope Spikes

RSV

A

Hemagglutinin: -
Neuraminidase: -
Fusion Protein: +

43
Q

Envelope Spikes

PARAINFLUENZA

A

Hemagglutinin: +
Neuraminidase: +
Fusion Protein: +

44
Q

Mnemonics-Cardinal Manifestations of Measles

A 
3 Cs
Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis
Koplik spots
45
Q

Mnemonics-Mumps

A

Mupms makes your parotids and testes as big as POM-poms.
Parotitis
Orchitis
Meningitis (aseptic)

46
Q

What is considered CATEGORY I in animal bites?

A

Touching or feeding animals, licks on the skin –> no treatment

47
Q

What is considered CATEGORY II in animal bites?

A

Nibbling of uncovered skin, minor scratches or abrasions without bleeding, licks or broken skin –> vaccine

48
Q

What is considered CATEGORY III in animal bites?

A

Single or Multiple transdermal bites or scratches, contamination of mucous membrane with saliva from licks; exposure to bat bites or scratches –> vaccine + Immunoglubulin

49
Q

Mnemonic-Congenital Rubella Syndrome

A 
5 Bs of Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Bulag (cataracts)
Bingi (sensorineural deafness)
Bobo (mental retardation)
Butas ang Puso (PDA)
Blueberry Muffin (baby)
50
Q

HIV structural genes:

gag

A

p24, p7 = Nucleocapsid

p17 = Matrix

51
Q

HIV structural genes:

pol

A

reverse transcriptase = transcribes RNA genome into DNA
protease = cleaves precursor polypeptides
integrase = integrates viral DNA into host cell DNA

52
Q

HIV structural genes:

env

A 
gp120 = attachment to CD4 protein / Antigenicity changes rapidly
gp41 = fusion with host cell
53
Q

HIV regulatory genes:

tat

A

Protein: tat

Activation of transcription of viral genes

54
Q

HIV regulatory genes:

rev

A

Protein: rev

Transport of late mRNAs to cytoplasm

55
Q

HIV regulatory genes:

nef

A 
Protein: nef
Decrease CD4 and class I MHC proteins
56
Q

HIV regulatory genes:

vif

A

Protein: vif

Enhances hypermutation

57
Q

HIV regulatory genes:

vpr

A

Protein: vpr

Transport in nondividing cells

58
Q

HIV regulatory genes:

vpu

A

Protein: vpu

Enhances virion release

59
Q

AIDS-DEFINING ILLNESSES

CD4 <500

A

M.tuberculosis –> disseminated tuberculosis
HSV –> HSV esophagitis
C. albicans –> esophageal candidiasis
HHV-8 –> Kaposi’s sarcoma

60
Q

AIDS-DEFINING ILLNESSES

CD4 <200

A 
P. jiroveci --> PCP pneumonia
T. gondii --> cerebral toxoplasmosis
C. neoformans --> meningoencephalitis
C. immitis --> coccidiodomycosis
C. parvum --> chronic diarrhea
61
Q

AIDS-DEFINING ILLNESSES

CD4 <50

A

M. avium –> invasive pulmonary disease
H. capsulatum –> histoplasmosis
CMV –> CMV retinitis

Microbiology (8 decks)

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