Virology

Question 1

What 2 clinical signs are associated with epitheliotropic viruses?

Answer 1

Diarrhea and ulcers

Question 2

What 3 clinical signs are associated with endotheliotropic viruses?

Answer 2

Hemorrhage, edema, ischemia, and necrosis

Question 3

Give 3 examples of Pestiviruses that cause diarrhea

Answer 3

BVD, Border disease, and Classical swine fever

Question 4

Where does Rotavirus replicate?

Answer 4

Cytoplasm of mature enterocytes

Question 5

Where is the portal of entry of Rotavirus in cattle?

Answer 5

Mouth

Question 6

What age of cattle are most commonly affected by rotavirus?

Answer 6

Calves 1-2 weeks old

Question 7

What are the gross or histologic lesions associated with rotavirus?

Answer 7

Most of the time there are none

Question 8

What virus associated with high mortality in newborn piglets is an alphacoronavirus that is highly contagious and has clinical signs of vomiting and diarrhea?

Answer 8

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Question 9

What virus is a betacoronavirus that is an important cause of calves 7-10 days old with diarrhea, especially in the winter months and with co-infection with other viruses and bacteria?

Answer 9

Bovine coronavirus

Question 10

What type of inclusion bodies does Parvovirus form?

Answer 10

Intranuclear inclusion bodies

Question 11

What is the target of parvovirus?

Answer 11

Crypts of epithelial cells

Question 12

Transplacental infection of feline panleukopenia results in either?

Answer 12

Fetal death or cerebellar hypoplasia

Question 13

Where is viral replication of feline panleukopenia?

Answer 13

Oropharynx and regional lymph nodes

Question 14

What is the transmission of feline panleukopenia?

Answer 14

Ingestion or inhalation

Question 15

What is the transmission of canine parvovirus?

Answer 15

Ingestion

Question 16

Where is viral replication of canine parvovirus?

Answer 16

Oropharynx and Peyer’s patches

Question 17

What type of virus causes intestinal villous blunting and fusion with crypt necrosis?

Answer 17

Parvovirus

Question 18

What biotype of bovine viral diarrhea results in disease?

Answer 18

Non-cytopathic virus

Question 19

Do non-cytopathic or cytopathic virus biotypes of BVD result in PI animals?

Answer 19

Non-cytopathic

Question 20

What is the most common clinical form of BVD virus?

Answer 20

Abortion or birth defects (cerebellar hypoplasia)

Question 21

Acute BVD mucosal disease occurs when a PI animal is infected with a ___________ BVD strain at any point in life.

Answer 21

Cytopathic

Question 22

What 2 gross lesions are associated with acute BVD and mucosal disease?

Answer 22

Esophageal ulceration and necrosis of Peyer’s patches

Question 23

When testing a herd for BVD, which calves should be tested?

Answer 23

All of them (born dead or alive)

Question 24

How can you differentiate between Rinderpest and BVD?

Answer 24

Rinderpest has syncytia, BVD does not

Question 25

What morbillivirus has been eradicated in cattle and had clinical signs of fever, anorexia, oculonasal discharge, ulcers in mouth and tongue, and severe watery and bloody diarrhea?

Answer 25

Rinderpest

Question 26

What morbillivirus in dogs affects the respiratory, GI, and neurologic systems and can result in either acute disease followed by recovery and lifelong immunity or neurologic disease and death?

Answer 26

Canine Distemper Virus

Question 27

Old dog encephalitis can occur years after recovery of which virus and results in neurologic deterioration and death?

Answer 27

Canine Distemper Virus

Question 28

What is the primary target of infectious canine hepatitis caused by canine adenovirus 1?

Answer 28

Vascular and corneal endothelial cells

Question 29

If a dog with infectious canine hepatitis has a fever that persists for more than one day, what will happen?

Answer 29

Systemic illness usually occurs

Question 30

Why do we use canine adenovirus 2 in our vaccines against canine adenovirus 1?

Answer 30

We don't use CAV-1 in our vaccines because they would shed the virus and infect other animals

Question 31

What type of inclusion bodies are seen with herpesvirus?

Answer 31

Intranuclear inclusion bodies

Question 32

What makes canine alpha herpesvirus different from other herpesviruses?

Answer 32

It is the only one that can replicate better in lower body temps

Question 33

You have performed necropsy on a neonatal puppy and found a ton of white specks all over the liver. What is a top differential based on the gross lesions?

Answer 33

Herpesvirus