Pharmacology Flashcards
When diarrhea is present, there is increased/decreased GI motility and increased/decreased transit time.
Increased, decreased
Give 2 indications of when to use antibiotics for diarrhea
Treatment of a primary disease and/or prevention of secondary infections (septicemia, endotoxemia, etc.)
For prevention of secondary infections, state what route, what spectrum, and whether bactericidal or bacteriostatic antibiotics will work best.
Prefer IV, broad spectrum, bactericidal antibiotics
T/F: As a general rule, if the neutrophil count is <1000, you should treat with antibiotics.
T
What antibacterial drug is most commonly prescribed for dogs with acute diarrhea and why?
Metronidazole because it covers anaerobic bacteria, giardia, and it has anti-inflammatory effects
When using antibiotics to treat diarrhea, how long should you prescribe it for?
< 7 days
What is the most common antimicrobial therapy used for puppies with parvo?
Ampicillin/sublactam plus enrofloxacin
What is the most common antimicrobial therapy used for puppies with parvo?
Ampicillin/sulbactam plus enrofloxacin
Does metronidazole provide broad spectrum, bactericidal coverage to prevent secondary infections?
No
Will metronidazole treat parvovirus?
No
What 2 things do Fluoroquinolones not cover?
Strep. and anaerobes
Why should you not use Enrofloxacin in foals, even though it would be great for salmonella?
Causes arthropathy -> cartilage sloughs off, very painful, joint swelling
What must you be careful with when using Amikacin in foals that are dehydrated?
Can be nephrotoxic if dehydrated -> give with fluids and monitor
What is the treatment protocol for foals with Salmonella infections?
K pen and Amikacin
What treatment protocol is used in calves with salmonella?
Ceftiofur or Florfenicol
