Virginia in the Civil War Flashcards
What was the economy of the northern states based on?
Industry
What was the economy of the southern states based on?
Agriculture that relied on slave labor
What is agriculture?
Growing crops and livestock
What is industry?
The commercial production and sales of goods and services
What is a free state?
One where slavery is not allowed
What did the northern states want new states to become?
Free states
What did southern states want the new states to become?
Slave states
Where were the new states coming from?
They were bring created out of the western territories
What conflicts developed between the northern and southern states in the years following the American Revolution and led up to the Civil War?
- North was industrialized and the South was agricultural and depended on slaves
- North wanted the new states to be “free states” and the South wanted them to be “slave states”
How were whites, enslaved African Americans, free African Americans, and American Indians affected by the Civil War?
- Most white Virginians supported the Confederacy
- The Confederacy relied on enslaved African Americans to raise crops and provide labor for the army. Many enslaved African Americans fled to the Union army as it approached and some fought for the union.
- Some free African Americans felt their limited rights could best be protected by supporting the Confederacy.
- Most American Indians did not takes sides during the Civil War
What did Nat Turner do?
He led a revolt against plantation owners in Virginia?
What did abolitionist do?
They campaigned to end slavery
What did Harriet Tubman do?
She established a route that escaped slaves took
What was the route Harriet Tubman established called?
The Underground Railroad
What did John Brown do?
He led a raid on the United States Armory (Arsenal) at Harpers Ferry, Virginia
What is an Armory?
A place where ammunition is stored
Why did John Brown lead a raid on the Armory at Harpers Ferry?
He was trying to start a slave rebellion
What happened to John Brown?
He was captured and hanged
When did Abraham Lincoln become president of the United States?
1860
What happened when Lincoln was elected president?
Several southern states seceded then other states joined them.
What did the southern states form?
The Confederate States of America
What did Virginia do when the southern states seceded?
They joined the Confederate States of America
What did the eastern and western counties of Virginia disagree about?
The eastern counties favored slavery and the western counties favored the abolishment of slavery.
What happened because of the disagreement between eastern and western counties?
The western counties broke away and formed their own state: West Virginia
What was the first major clash of the Civil War?
The first Battle of Bull Run (or Manassas)?
Who played a major role in the first Battle of Bull Run?
Confederate General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Who was the leader of the Confederate States of America?
Jefferson Davis
Who was Commander of the Army of Northern Virginia?
General Robert E Lee
Where did General Robert E Lee defeat Union troops?
Fredericksburg, VA
Where was the capital of the Confederacy?
Richmond, VA
Who did Richmond fall to near the end of the Civil War?
General Ulysses S Grant
What happened to Richmond near the end of the Civil War?
It was burned
What is a blockade?
The closing off of a city, coast or harbor to communication and supplies by ships from the opposing side
What did Lincoln do to try to keep the Southern ports from getting supplies?
He used the Union Navy to make a blockade
What was the Monitor?
It was a Union iron-clad ship
What was the Merrimack?
It was a Confederate iron-clad ship
Where did the Monitor and the Merrimack fight!
In Virginia waters off the coast of Hampton and Norfolk
Who won between the Monitor and the Merrimack?
It was a draw
Where did the Civil War end?
At Appomattox Court House, Virginia
When did the Civil War end?
April 1865
How did the Civil War end?
General Robert E Lee surrendered his army to General Ulysses S Grant
