Viral Infections

Question 1

Which form of Herpes is predominantly oral?

Answer 1

HSV-1

Question 2

_____________ are a histological hallmark of primary herpes.

Answer 2

Tzanck Cells

Question 3

Which medicine is used to treat primary herpes and is eventually metabolized into acyclovir?

Answer 3

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

Question 4

What are the two forms of recurrent herpes?

Answer 4

1. Recurrent herpes labialis

2. Recurrent Intraoral Herpes

Question 5

T/F: Recurrent herpes labialis is also referred to as a cold sore.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What are the triggers for recurrent herpes labialis and where do they normally appear?

Answer 6

Triggers: UV light or trauma

Where: Vermilion zone or perioral skin

Question 7

T/F: Recurrent intraoral herpes is more common than recurrent herpes labialis.

Answer 7

False

Question 8

Where would you find recurrent intraoral herpes?

Answer 8

Mucosa bound to periosteum - Hard palate and attached gingiva

Question 9

What is hermetic whitlow?

Answer 9

Acute herpes on the hand from not wearing gloves

Question 10

What is a complication with Herpes Zoster?

Answer 10

Post-herpetic neuralgia in about 15% of patients

Question 11

_____________ is an enterovirus infection caused by coxsackievirus A or B, or echovirus.

Answer 11

Herpangina

Question 12

Describe the oral ulcers associated with Herpangina?

Answer 12

2-4mm oral ulcers localized to posterior soft palate/tonsillar pillar region

Question 13

Patient presents with 1-3mm erythematous macules on their hands and feet as well as 5mm shallow ulcers in the buccal mucosa. DIagnosis?

Answer 13

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease

Question 14

When does HIV become AIDS?

Answer 14

CD4 count < 200 cells

Question 15

What gingival abnormality may be seen in patients with HIV/AIDS?

Answer 15

Linear Gingival Erythema - red linear band and the marginal gingiva

Question 16

T/F: NUG is more common in HIV patients.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

T/F: Deep pockets will be seen in patients with HIV related periodontitis.

Answer 17

False

Extremely rapid bone loss occurs concurrently with soft tissue destruction

Question 18

Patient presents with persistent lymphadenopathy and a severe candida infection that does not respond well to treatment. What might be causing this?

Answer 18

HIV/AIDS

Question 19

T/F: Necrotizing stomatitis is a much more severe form of NUG.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

___________ is often seen in HIV-infected patients and is caused by Epstein-Barr virus.

Answer 20

Oral Hairy Leukoplakia

Question 21

Describe Oral Hairy Leukoplakia.

Answer 21

Non-removable white plaques in vertical lines on the lateral surface of the tongue

Question 22

T/F: Patients who are HIV-infected will often have more aphthous-like ulceration.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What are some HIV related viral infections?

Answer 23

1. Molluscum contagiosum
2. Herpes simplex
3. Varicella-zoster
4. Epstein-Barr
5. HPV

Question 24

Describe the lesions associated with molluscum contagiosum?

Answer 24

Very small macules clustered on the facial skin

Do not get better in patients with HIV

Caused by poxvirus

Question 25

T/F: HIV patients with herpes simplex infections will only have lesions on attached gingiva.

Answer 25

False

Any mucosal surface

Must be treated with acyclovir

Question 26

What will be seen in a biopsy for a patient with oral hairy leukoplakia?

Answer 26

Parakeratosis with “balloon cells” in upper spinous layer

Question 27

T/F: Apthous-like ulcerations have a white border.

Answer 27

False

Erythematous border

Question 28

T/F: Apthous-like ulcers respond well to antibiotics.

Answer 28

False

Corticosteroids

Question 29

What is the etiology of AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma?

Answer 29

HHV-8

Question 30

T/F: AIDS-related lymphoma is more common than Kaposi Sarcoma.

Answer 30

False