Viral Infections Flashcards
Which form of Herpes is predominantly oral?
HSV-1
_____________ are a histological hallmark of primary herpes.
Tzanck Cells
Which medicine is used to treat primary herpes and is eventually metabolized into acyclovir?
Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
What are the two forms of recurrent herpes?
- Recurrent herpes labialis
2. Recurrent Intraoral Herpes
T/F: Recurrent herpes labialis is also referred to as a cold sore.
True
What are the triggers for recurrent herpes labialis and where do they normally appear?
Triggers: UV light or trauma
Where: Vermilion zone or perioral skin
T/F: Recurrent intraoral herpes is more common than recurrent herpes labialis.
False
Where would you find recurrent intraoral herpes?
Mucosa bound to periosteum - Hard palate and attached gingiva
What is hermetic whitlow?
Acute herpes on the hand from not wearing gloves
What is a complication with Herpes Zoster?
Post-herpetic neuralgia in about 15% of patients
_____________ is an enterovirus infection caused by coxsackievirus A or B, or echovirus.
Herpangina
Describe the oral ulcers associated with Herpangina?
2-4mm oral ulcers localized to posterior soft palate/tonsillar pillar region
Patient presents with 1-3mm erythematous macules on their hands and feet as well as 5mm shallow ulcers in the buccal mucosa. DIagnosis?
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
When does HIV become AIDS?
CD4 count < 200 cells
What gingival abnormality may be seen in patients with HIV/AIDS?
Linear Gingival Erythema - red linear band and the marginal gingiva
T/F: NUG is more common in HIV patients.
True
T/F: Deep pockets will be seen in patients with HIV related periodontitis.
False
Extremely rapid bone loss occurs concurrently with soft tissue destruction
Patient presents with persistent lymphadenopathy and a severe candida infection that does not respond well to treatment. What might be causing this?
HIV/AIDS
T/F: Necrotizing stomatitis is a much more severe form of NUG.
True
___________ is often seen in HIV-infected patients and is caused by Epstein-Barr virus.
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia
Describe Oral Hairy Leukoplakia.
Non-removable white plaques in vertical lines on the lateral surface of the tongue
T/F: Patients who are HIV-infected will often have more aphthous-like ulceration.
True
What are some HIV related viral infections?
- Molluscum contagiosum
- Herpes simplex
- Varicella-zoster
- Epstein-Barr
- HPV
Describe the lesions associated with molluscum contagiosum?
Very small macules clustered on the facial skin
Do not get better in patients with HIV
Caused by poxvirus
T/F: HIV patients with herpes simplex infections will only have lesions on attached gingiva.
False
Any mucosal surface
Must be treated with acyclovir
What will be seen in a biopsy for a patient with oral hairy leukoplakia?
Parakeratosis with “balloon cells” in upper spinous layer
T/F: Apthous-like ulcerations have a white border.
False
Erythematous border
T/F: Apthous-like ulcers respond well to antibiotics.
False
Corticosteroids
What is the etiology of AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma?
HHV-8
T/F: AIDS-related lymphoma is more common than Kaposi Sarcoma.
False
