Developmental Disorders

Question 1

___________ are asymptomatic, innocuous invaginations typically found in the corner of the lips in adults.

Answer 1

Commissural lip pits

Question 2

___________ is a rare anomaly of the lip that involves extra tissue on the mucosal side of the lip. Can be excised for aesthetic purposes.

Answer 2

Double lip

Can be acquired or congenital

Question 3

____________ are ectopic sebaceous glands that occur on the oral mucosa.

Answer 3

Fordyce granules

Question 4

T/F: Fordyce granules are seen in more than 80% of the population.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Where are the most common locations for fordyce granules?

Answer 5

Buccal mucosa, lip vermilion

Question 6

Describe the appearance of fordyce granules?

Answer 6

Multiple small yellow or whitish-yellow papules

Question 7

Describe leukoedema.

Answer 7

Diffuse grayish or milky white appearance to oral mucosa

May have surface folds or wrinkles

Question 8

T/F: Leukoedema is more common in smokers.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Where is the most common location for leukoedema?

Answer 9

Buccal mucosa

Question 10

What causes leukoedema?

Answer 10

Fluid accumulation in spinous layer

Question 11

How can you confirm your diagnosis of leukoedema?

Answer 11

Whitish appearance will disappear when mucosa is stretched

Question 12

What treatment may be necessary in a patient with microglossia?

Answer 12

Orthodontic to manage collapsed arches

Question 13

Many syndromes including Down syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome can cause ____________.

Answer 13

Macroglossia

Question 14

_____________ is the disorder that causes a patient to be “tongue-tied” and involves an abbreviated or absent lingual frenum.

Answer 14

Ankyloglossia

Question 15

A young female develops a mass in the foramen cecum area of the tongue. What test might you do for which disorder?

Answer 15

Thyroid scan with radioactive iodine for lingual thyroid

Avoid biopsy

Question 16

T/F: Males with lingual thyroid are much more likely to have malignant transformation.

Answer 16

True

Cut it out

Question 17

T/F: Fissured tongue is more common in children.

Answer 17

False

Develops over time

Question 18

T/F: Geographic tongue and fissured tongue often occur together.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

____________ results from the elongation of filiform papillae on the dorsal tongue causing accumulation of keratin.

Answer 19

Coated tongue (hairy tongue)

Associated with smoking

Question 20

T/F: The papillae can become discolored in a patient with coated tongue.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Who might be at a greater risk of coated tongue?

Answer 21

People who eat/drink more abrasive foods - chips, coffee, etc.

Question 22

T/F: Coated tongue is associated with an infection.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is a varix or varices?

Answer 23

Abnormally dilated and tortuous vein

Often seen in the ventral/lateral tongue in older folks

Question 24

What is a diascopy?

Answer 24

Put pressure on a lesion to look for color change

Good test to diagnose varix - tissue will blanch with pressure

Question 25

A ______________ is a common vascular anomaly almost exclusively to lip mucosa. It is caused by an arterial branch extending superficially without reducing its diameter.

Answer 25

Caliber-persistent artery

Question 26

T/F: A varix is always a thin walled vein.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is a defining characteristic of a nasolabial cyst?

Answer 27

Ala of nose is elevated

Question 28

What is another name for the incisive canal cyst?

Answer 28

Nasopalatine duct cyst

Question 29

What is the most common non-odontogenic developmental cyst of the jaws?

Answer 29

Incisive canal cyst

Question 30

T/F: An incisive canal cyst occurs typically at the apices of non-vital maxillary central incisors.

Answer 30

False Normally vital

Question 31

How do you differentiate between whether it is the incisive canal or a cyst?

Answer 31

Greater than 6mm you start to think cyst

Question 32

T/F: Incisive canal cysts must be biopsied and removed.

Answer 32

False Curettage cures it

Question 33

T/F: Epidermoid cysts should be referred to as sebaceous cysts.

Answer 33

False

Question 34

Epidermoid cysts commonly arise from the _____________.

Answer 34

Hair follicle

Question 35

What fills Epidermoid cysts?

Answer 35

Keratin - gives it doughy consistency

Question 36

How is Epidermoid cyst treated?

Answer 36

Simple excision

Question 37

A very small Epidermoid cyst is termed a _______.

Answer 37

Milia

Question 38

T/F: Dermoid cysts are more common than Epidermoid cysts.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

______________ most commonly occur as swelling at the midline floor of the mouth. May displace the tongue superiorly.

Answer 39

Dermoid cysts

Question 40

The wall of a ____________ cyst contains adnexal skin structures. This differentiates it from ___________ cysts.

Answer 40

Dermoid; Epidermoid

Question 41

T/F: A thyroglossal duct cyst will always appear at the midline.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Thyroglossal duct cysts have a high recurrence unless _____________ is used for removal.

Answer 42

Sistrunk procedure

Question 43

T/F: Branchial cleft cysts typically occur posterior to the SCM.

Answer 43

False Anterior to SCM

Question 44

Which branchial arch is the branchial cleft cyst typically a remnant of?

Answer 44

2nd arch

Question 45

The cyst wall of a branchial cleft cyst will contain ____________.

Answer 45

Lymphoid tissue

Question 46

_______________ are most often seen in the floor of the mouth. They arise from epithelial rests trapped in oral lymphoid tissues.

Answer 46

Oral lymphoid cysts

Question 47

Stafne defect, exostoses,

Answer 47

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