Developmental Disorders Flashcards
___________ are asymptomatic, innocuous invaginations typically found in the corner of the lips in adults.
Commissural lip pits
___________ is a rare anomaly of the lip that involves extra tissue on the mucosal side of the lip. Can be excised for aesthetic purposes.
Double lip
Can be acquired or congenital
____________ are ectopic sebaceous glands that occur on the oral mucosa.
Fordyce granules
T/F: Fordyce granules are seen in more than 80% of the population.
True
Where are the most common locations for fordyce granules?
Buccal mucosa, lip vermilion
Describe the appearance of fordyce granules?
Multiple small yellow or whitish-yellow papules
Describe leukoedema.
Diffuse grayish or milky white appearance to oral mucosa
May have surface folds or wrinkles
T/F: Leukoedema is more common in smokers.
True
Where is the most common location for leukoedema?
Buccal mucosa
What causes leukoedema?
Fluid accumulation in spinous layer
How can you confirm your diagnosis of leukoedema?
Whitish appearance will disappear when mucosa is stretched
What treatment may be necessary in a patient with microglossia?
Orthodontic to manage collapsed arches
Many syndromes including Down syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome can cause ____________.
Macroglossia
_____________ is the disorder that causes a patient to be “tongue-tied” and involves an abbreviated or absent lingual frenum.
Ankyloglossia
A young female develops a mass in the foramen cecum area of the tongue. What test might you do for which disorder?
Thyroid scan with radioactive iodine for lingual thyroid
Avoid biopsy
T/F: Males with lingual thyroid are much more likely to have malignant transformation.
True
Cut it out
T/F: Fissured tongue is more common in children.
False
Develops over time
T/F: Geographic tongue and fissured tongue often occur together.
True
____________ results from the elongation of filiform papillae on the dorsal tongue causing accumulation of keratin.
Coated tongue (hairy tongue)
Associated with smoking
T/F: The papillae can become discolored in a patient with coated tongue.
True
Who might be at a greater risk of coated tongue?
People who eat/drink more abrasive foods - chips, coffee, etc.
T/F: Coated tongue is associated with an infection.
False
What is a varix or varices?
Abnormally dilated and tortuous vein
Often seen in the ventral/lateral tongue in older folks
What is a diascopy?
Put pressure on a lesion to look for color change
Good test to diagnose varix - tissue will blanch with pressure
A ______________ is a common vascular anomaly almost exclusively to lip mucosa. It is caused by an arterial branch extending superficially without reducing its diameter.
Caliber-persistent artery
T/F: A varix is always a thin walled vein.
True
What is a defining characteristic of a nasolabial cyst?
Ala of nose is elevated
What is another name for the incisive canal cyst?
Nasopalatine duct cyst
What is the most common non-odontogenic developmental cyst of the jaws?
Incisive canal cyst
T/F: An incisive canal cyst occurs typically at the apices of non-vital maxillary central incisors.
False
Normally vital
How do you differentiate between whether it is the incisive canal or a cyst?
Greater than 6mm you start to think cyst
T/F: Incisive canal cysts must be biopsied and removed.
False
Curettage cures it
T/F: Epidermoid cysts should be referred to as sebaceous cysts.
False
Epidermoid cysts commonly arise from the _____________.
Hair follicle
What fills Epidermoid cysts?
Keratin - gives it doughy consistency
How is Epidermoid cyst treated?
Simple excision
A very small Epidermoid cyst is termed a _______.
Milia
T/F: Dermoid cysts are more common than Epidermoid cysts.
False
______________ most commonly occur as swelling at the midline floor of the mouth. May displace the tongue superiorly.
Dermoid cysts
The wall of a ____________ cyst contains adnexal skin structures. This differentiates it from ___________ cysts.
Dermoid; Epidermoid
T/F: A thyroglossal duct cyst will always appear at the midline.
True
Thyroglossal duct cysts have a high recurrence unless _____________ is used for removal.
Sistrunk procedure
T/F: Branchial cleft cysts typically occur posterior to the SCM.
False
Anterior to SCM
Which branchial arch is the branchial cleft cyst typically a remnant of?
2nd arch
The cyst wall of a branchial cleft cyst will contain ____________.
Lymphoid tissue
_______________ are most often seen in the floor of the mouth. They arise from epithelial rests trapped in oral lymphoid tissues.
Oral lymphoid cysts
Stafne defect, exostoses,
